Poetry Theory Flashcards
What is a prose?
Spoken or written words which do not follow a specific metrical pattern, written words appear in a sentence or paragraph form
What is a simile?
A comparison of two unlike/different things using “as” or “like”
What is a metaphor”
A comparison of two unlike/different things without the use of “like’ or “as”
What is a extended metaphor?
A metaphor is repeatedly used throughout the poem to develop the poems theme
What is a onomatopoeia?
The use of a word whose sound imitates, suggests, and reinforces its meaning
What is a personification?
Giving something non-human human characteristics
What is a hyperbole?
An extreme exaggeration used for effect
What is a alliteration?
The repetition of the same consonant or vowel sound at the start or words
What is a assonance?
The repetition of similar vowel sounds anywhere within the words
What is a consonance?
The repetition of similar consonant sounds anywhere within the words in a line of poetry
What is a cacophony?
The use of harsh discordant sounds for poetic effect
What is a euphony?
The use of soft pleasant sounds for poetic effects
What is a oxymoron?
Words or a phase that combines contradicting or opposite ideas
What is a paradox?
An apparently contradictory statement with an element of truth in it
What is symbolism?
Something representing something else especially a material object representing an abstract idea
What is repetition?
Repeating words, phrases, lines or stanzas for rhyme, rhythm, emphasis, and continuty
What is incremental repetition?
A specific type of parallelism involving the repetition of whole lines or stanzas with small but significant changes to a few from one to the next
What is refrain?
Key lines of a poem that are repeated at regular intervals within a song
What is parallelism?
The repetition of key components in a line/sentence that have similar grammatical structure, adds balance, rhythm/flow, and empasis
What is a allusion?
An indirect reference to a well-known person, place, thing, or event from history, literature, mythology, or the bible
What is a apostrophe?
A direct address to a person, place, thing, or idea in a line of poetry
What is a pun?
A word with two different meanings, similarity of meanings in two words that are homonyms, two words pronounced and spelled similarly but have different meanings
What is a rhyme?
Similar sounds in words positioned closely together
What are the nine types of rhymes?
Beginning, internal, end, masculine, feminine, triple, eye, perfect, half
What is a beginning rhyme?
The rhyme occurs at the beginning of two or more lines
What is a internal rhyme?
The rhyme occurs in the middle of two or more lines
What is a end rhyme?
The rhyme occurs at the end of two or more lines
What is a masculine rhyme?
The rhyme consists of a single syllable
What is a feminine rhyme?
Two syllable rhyme
What is a triple rhyme?
Three syllable rhyme
What is a eye rhyme?
Words appear to rhyme (based to sight) but they do not sound the same
What is a perfect rhyme?
The stressed vowel sound in both words must be identical as well as any subsequent sounds
What is a half rhyme?
Words in which the final consonants are identical but the preceding vowels differ or vice versa
What is a ambiguity?
Uncertainty produced by words or phrases that have two or more possible meanings
What is a dysphemism?
The use of a crude or shocking word or expression used in place of socially accepted language
What is a euphemism?
The use of pleasant-sounding word or phrase to avoid talking about the unpleasant reality
What is a end-stopped verse?
The flow of the poem is stopped at the end of each line by punctuation mark or by the phrasing of the line
What is a enjambment?
The syntax or cadence of a line poetry carries the reader into the next line
What is a caesura?
A short but definite pause in a metrical line often marked by a punctuation
What is dramatic monologue?
The narrator typically uses the stream-of-consciousness technique to speak to one or more people who are silent listeners
What is a persona?
The character who narrators the poem but is not the author
What is a rhythm?
A recurrent beat or stress of the line
What is the mood?
The feeling the reader gets from reading the book
What is the tone?
The writer’s attitude towards the subject and the audience
What is the voice?
The distinctive personality of the speaker or persona coming through the work
What is a poetic license?
Allows the poet to depart from standard grammatical choices and word choices to create a unique poem
What is a archetype?
Plots, themes, characters, or images which are identifiable in a wide variety of literature, myths, dreams, and ritualized made of social behavior
What is poetic justice?
Characters is literature receive their reward or punishment for deeds done
What is imagery?
Figurative language using the five senses to create metaphors, similes, personification, vivid descriptions to produce mental pictures
What is a denotation?
The literal or dictionary meaning of a word
What is a connotation?
The implied meaning of a word based on emotional associations with it
What is a free verse?
Poem with no rhyme or rhythmic pattern
What is a synecdoche?
A part that represents a whole
What is a juxtaposition?
The placing of two or more words side-by-side in a line of poetry which are unrelated
What is a stanza?
Group of lines separated by a line space for different ideas, rhyme, rhythm, emphasis
What is a metre?
A system for determines the rhythmic pattern of a poem according to its stressed and unstressed syllables
What is a foot?
A recurring metric and measured unit of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry
What are the six different types of foots?
Iambic, anapestic, trochaic, dactylic, spondaic, pyrrhic
What is a iambic?
An unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable
What is a anapestic?
Two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable
What is a trochaic?
A stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable
What is a dactylic?
A stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables
What is a spondaic?
Two unstressed syllables
What is a pyrrhic?
Two stressed syllables
What is a scansion?
The process of analyzing a poem to determine its metre and line length
What is a iambic pentametre?
(each iambic foot contains two syllables; 10 syllables) of unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable
What is a blank verse?
Unrhymed iambic pentametre commonly seen in shakespeare’s plays
What is litotes?
An understatement in which an affirmative is conveyed by stating a negative
What is a archaism?
The use of words and expressions in literature that have become absolute in common speech
What is a metonymy?
One term is a direct substitute for another
What is satire?
Any work which ridicules people ideas or institutions to make a point for reform
What is a parody?
Any work which humorously ridicules a particular style or literacy composition through imitations for entertainment
What is a rhyme scheme?
An alphabetical labelling system used to describe the rhyming pattern in a poem
What is figurative language?
The use of figures of speech such as metaphor, simile, personification, etc
What is a poetic diction?
The words the poet selects to express his/her meaning
What is pathetic fallacy?
Nature reflects the emotions of characters and the mood of events in the story or poem
