Poetry Flashcards
Poetry
Major genre of literature. It is characterized by imaginative language that is carefully chosen and arranged to communicate experiences, thoughts, and emotions
Poetry differs from prose in that
It compresses meaning into fewer words and often uses meter, rhyme and imagery
Poetry is arranged in
Lines and stanzas
As opposed to sentences and paragraphs, and can be free in ordering of words and use of punctuation
Traditional poems
Adhere to specific rules of structure and characteristics
Traditional poems are divided into
Narrative
Lyric
Dramatic
Dramatic porm
Relies on dramatic elements such as monologue and dialogue
They often tell stories
Narrative poem
One that tells a story
It includes characters, setting, plot, and dialogue, among other elements
These poems include the epic and ballads
Dialogue in narrative poems and dialogue in dramatic poems
Dialogue in narrative poems:
“Don’t bother me”
Dialogue in dramatic poems :
Rebecca: Stop bothering me!
Jason: I won’t
The epic
Long narrative poem that poreays the heroic acts of legendary figures and mythical gods
Traces adventures of a great hero whose actions reveal the ideals and values of a nation or race
Grand in style, length, and scope
Provides a portrait of an entire culture, of the legends, beliefs, virtues, laws, arts, and ways of life of people
Ballads
Type of marractive poem that tells a story and was originally meant to be sung or recited
Typically short, narrative poems often have a simple rhyme scheme and a repetitive refrain
Often tell tales of love, loss, and adventure
Has a setting, plot, and characters
Lyric poem
Highly musical type of poetry that expresses the emotions of a speaker
They often are contrasted with narrative poems
These poems include sonnets, odes, and haiku
Sonnet
fourteen-line poem, usually in iambic pentameter, that follows one of a number of different rhyme schemes. The English, Elizabethan, or Shakespearean sonnet is divided into four parts: three quatrains and a final couplet. The rhyme scheme of such a sonnet is abab cdcd efef gg.
Imagery
Consiste or descriptive words and phrases that recreate sensory experiences for the reader
Usually appeals to one or more of the five senses
The figurative or descriptive language used to create pictures, or images
Lines
Unit in the structure of a poem
Core unit of a poem
Without these, a poem cannot be developed
Stanzas
Group of lines in a poem
Varies in average length from 2 to 8 lines
Speaker
Character who speaks or narrates a poem
Voice assumed by the writer
The speaker and the writer in a poem are not necessarily the same person
Voice that talks to the reader
Similar to the narrator in fiction
Monologue
Long speech made by one character who directly addresses the audience or another character
Dialogue
Conversation between two or more people or characters
Concretar poem (shape poem)
Poem whose words are arranged on the page to reflect its content
Form
Organization or arrangement of the parts of the poem
Structure
The way in which lines are organized
The organization of lines in a page
Rhyme
Repetition of sounds of the end of words
Rhyme scheme
Pattern of end rhymes, or rhymes at the end of lines of verse. The rhyme scheme of a poem is designated by letters with matching letters signifying matching sounds
Types of rhymes
End rhyme
Internal rhyme
Slant rhyme
End rhyme
The use of rhyming words at the ends of lines
Internal rhyme
The use of rhyming words within lines
Slant rhyme
The rhyming sounds are similar but not identical, as in rave and rove
meter
The regular rhythmic pattern in a poem, such as the number of beats, or stresses in each line. Stressed and unstressed syllables are divided into rhythmical units called feet
rhythm
Pattern of beats or stresses in a line of verse or prose
It can be regular or irregular
figurative language
witting or speech that Is meant yo be understood imaginatively instead of literally
Language that conveys meaning beyond the literal meanings of words
It helps readers see things in new ways
Types of figurative lmaguage
Metaphor
Simile
Hyperbole
Personification
Understatement
Metaphor
Figure of speech in which one thing is spoken or written about as if it were another
Simile
A comparison of two seemingly unlike things using the word like or as
Hyperbole
Deliberate exaggeration made for effect
Personification
Type of figurative language which an animal, thing, force of nature, or idea is described as if it were human or given human characteristics
understatement
an expression in which something of importance is emphasized by being spoken of as though it were not important, as in “He’s sort of dead, I think”
Sound devices
Used of words for their authority effects, can convey meaning and mood or can unify the text
types of sound devices
Repetition
Refrain
Alliteration
Assonance
Consonance
Onomatopoeia
Repetition
A writers intentional reuse of sound, word, phrase or sentence
Writers often use repetition, which is a rhetorical device, to emphasize ideas or especially in poetry, or I create a musical effect
Refrain
A line or group of lines repeated in a poem or song
Alliteration
The repetition of initial consonant sounds in consecutive or slightly separated words
Although alliteration usually refers to sounds at the beginning of words, its can also be used to refer to sounds within words
Assonance
The repetition of vowel sounds in stressed syllables that end with different consonant sounds
consonance
the repetition of consonant sounds within and at the ends of words or accented syllables, as in wind and sound
onomatopoeia
the use of words whose sounds echo their meanings
