PoD Mock Exam Answers

Question 1

What type of gene is a Retinoblastoma gene?

Answer 1

Tumour Suppressor.

Question 2

What type of tumour is leukaemia?

Answer 2

Malignant tumour of white blood cells.

Question 3

What type of tumour is a liposarcoma?

Answer 3

Malignant tumour of fatty tissue.

Question 4

What type of tumour is an adenocarcinoma?

Answer 4

Malignant tumour of glandular epithelium.

Question 5

BRCA1 belongs to which class of gene?

Answer 5

Tumour suppressor gene.

Question 6

Braf is a predictive biomarker of what type of tumour?

Answer 6

Melanoma.

Question 7

What type of cancer commonly metastasises to the peritoneum?

Answer 7

Ovarian.

Question 8

What is the commonest type of carcinoma in men in the UK?

Answer 8

Prostate.

Question 9

Why is glyceryl trinitrate administered via the sublingual route?

Answer 9

To avoid first pass metabolism.

Question 10

What is the type of drug trial in which neither doctor nor patient is aware of what treatment the patient is receiving?

Answer 10

Double blind trial.

Question 11

What is the type of drug trial in which data is collected from case records after the treatment is given?

Answer 11

Retrospective trial.

Question 12

What is the type of drug trial in which patients take both treatments being tested one after the other?

Answer 12

Cross-over trial.

Question 13

What is the type of drug trial in which patients are allotted to treatment groups using a random number generator?

Answer 13

Randomised trial.

Question 14

Which antibiotic inhibits purine synthesis?

Answer 14

Trimethoprim.

Question 15

Which antiviral agent is used to treat infection with HIV?

Answer 15

Saquinavir.

Antivirals’ names generally end in “vir”.

Question 16

What type of microorganism is Treponema pallidum?

Answer 16

A spiroachaete.

Question 17

What is the purpose of bacterial typing?

Answer 17

To identify bacterial strains.

Question 18

In a Gram stain, what colour are Gram positive bacteria?

Answer 18

Violet/Purple.

Question 19

What characterises fimbriae?

Answer 19

Involved in adhesion at epithelial surfaces.

Question 20

Should a student wash hands with alcohol gel when moving between patients even if they have not touched the first patient?

Answer 20

Yes.

Question 21

What is the consequence of mitosis?

Answer 21

Produces diploid cells from diploid cells.

Question 22

What is the frequency of heterozygotes for an autosomal gene with 2 alleles of equal frequency?

Answer 22

0.5

Question 23

What is the consequence of fertilisation?

Answer 23

Produces diploid cells from haploid cells.

Question 24

How is the X chromosome transmitted?

Answer 24

By fathers to daughters but not sons.

Question 25

During which cellular process is mRNA used to form an amino acid sequence?

Answer 25

Translation.

Question 26

What is the key pathogenic feature of of systemic Type III Hypersensitivity?

Answer 26

Immune complex formation.

Question 27

What cell type is the major component of the acute inflammatory response?

Answer 27

Neutrophil.

Question 28

What is the major role of fibroblasts?

Answer 28

Produce collagens.

Question 29

What is the main function of histamine?

Answer 29

Relaxes vascular smooth muscle in acute inflammation.

Question 30

What effect does hypoxia have on tissue healing?

Answer 30

Impairs tissue healing.

Question 31

Which drug is only used in treatment of UTI?

Answer 31

Nitrofurantoin.

Question 32

Serious infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) indicates treatment with intravenous...

Answer 32

Vancomycin.

Question 33

Name a mutation which does not result from an additional chromosome.

Answer 33

Turner's Syndrome.

Question 34

"Failure of treatment" is a type of...

Answer 34

Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR).

Question 35

What causes rubor and calor in acute inflammation?

Answer 35

Increased local blood flow.

Question 36

What drug should be used to treat an unknown gram negative bacteria?

Answer 36

Gentamicin.

Question 37

Which drug is the best choice for IV treatment of serious pneumococcal, meningococcal and Strep pyogenes infection, as well as most other Gram positive infections?

Answer 37

Benzylpenicillin.

Question 38

The pathogenesis of systemic Type I hypersensitivity requires...

Answer 38

IgE production.

Question 39

The pathogenesis of systemic Type IV hypersensitivity requires...

Answer 39

Gamma-interferon production.

Question 40

What is the function of serotonin?

Answer 40

Produces vasoconstriction in acute inflammation.

Question 41

What can be combatted with co-amoxiclav?

Answer 41

Beta-lactamase resistance.

Question 42

What is Ciprofloxacin?

Answer 42

A fluoroquinolone that inhibits nucleic acid synthesis.