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WPPIII > PNS-GBS-Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

PNS-GBS-Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Peripheral Neuropathy

A

general term for functional degeneration or pathological changes of the peripheral nervous system
(ie damage or impairment to peripheral nerves)

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2
Q

PN: symptoms

A

Start in fingers and toes and move up

Can move slowly or quickly

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3
Q

Paraesthesia

A

Spontaneous sensations of burning, cold, pins and needles or tingling

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4
Q

Dysaesthesia

A

Experiencing unusual sensations by touching or other stimulation

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5
Q

Anaesthesia

A

Lack of or diminished sensation

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6
Q

Hypoaesthesia

A

Diminished sensation

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7
Q

Types of sensory loss

A

Stocking and glove (sensations feel like a stocking or glove)
Loss of Position (don’t know where hands or feet are)

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8
Q

Motor Symptoms of PN

A

Weakness
Muscle cramps
Fasciculation (small muscle bundles contracting quickly)

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9
Q

Most common etiology

A

Diabetes and alcoholism

Most often cause is unknown

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10
Q

Diabetes PN

A

Can be slowed but not cured
Happens in all types
Starts in feet
Can cause non healing lesions

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11
Q

Alcohol PN

A

Can be reversed

From toxins in blood

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12
Q

Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)

A

Chronic forms of pain

Used for PN of deep, burning feeling

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13
Q

Neurotonin

A
  • Anti Siezure
  • relieve PN pain
  • Strong side effects
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14
Q

Pyridoxine (B6)

A
  • nutritional support following PN

- up to 250 mg a day

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15
Q

Anti-oxidants

A
  • Eliminate toxins which may cause PN

- Improve sx by uptaking glucose

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16
Q

Guillian Barre Syndrome

A
  • acute, ascending and progressive PN characterized by poor reflexes and paraesthesia
  • less severe than MS
  • most common cause of acute/ sub acute paralysis
  • happens over several days
17
Q

GBS- etyology

A

Unknown
Believed to be immune related
-2/3 patients have GI issues weeks before

18
Q

GBS- pathopysiology

A

Mylens rather than axons

Recovery depends on how fast mylens can be reconstructed

19
Q

GBS- presentation

A

Ascending pattern of progressive, symmetrical weakness staring in lower extremities
- deep tendon reflexes are diminished

20
Q

GBS- diagnosis

A 
Nerve conductive studies (slower)
Spinal Tap (High CFS protiens
21
Q

GBS- treatment

A

Hospitalization a must!
Need to be on breathing and feeding tubs
Intraveneous Immunoglobin
Plasmapherisis

22
Q

GBS- prognosis

A

Usually at weakest by 2 weaks (90% by three)
Recovery anywhere from a few weeks to a few years
Most recover with a few retaining weakness

23
Q

Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

Characterized by shooting pain across face accompanied by a tic
Diagnosed by symptoms (no definitive test)
Not long lasting, a few times a day

24
Q

Carbamazepine

A

anti- convulsant

- treats grand mal seizures, bi polar disorder, and TN

25
Q

Bells Palsy- definition

A
  • common neurological disorder affect cranial nerves

- abrupt, unilateral, peripheral facial paresis or paralysis without a detectable cause.

26
Q

Bells Palsy- Presentation

A
  • Rapid onset
  • mild to severe weakness of side of face
  • Difficult to smile or close eye of affected side
27
Q

Bells Palsy- Etiology

A

Herpes Simplex nerve

Compression, cold, injury to nerve

28
Q

Bells Palsy- TX

A

Corticosteroids- stop inflammation of nerve
Anti-virals- if viral is known cause
Eye care- protect exposed eye from disease

29
Q

Bells Palsy- Prognosis

A

85% of patient make full recovery
10% some asymmetry of facial muscles
5% severe sequelae of muscles

30
Q

Acoustic Neuroma- definition

A

Commonly applied name to small tumor on 8th cranial nerve sheath cells
Slow growing and benign

31
Q

Acoustic Neuroma- SX

A

Unilateral tinneaus or hearing loss dt compression of 8th cranial nerve

32
Q

Acoustic Neuroma- diagnosis

A

MRI (after unilateral hearing loss)

Audiogram and recorded brain stem audio evoked responses (show if hearing can be saved)

33
Q

Acoustic Neuroma- TX

A

Microsurgical removal

Stereotactic radiation

34
Q

Spasmatic Tortcollis- definition

A

characterized by involuntary movements of the head as a result of muscle spasms in the neck and shoulders.
No known etiology
Progress over time

35
Q

Spasmatic Tortcollis- diagnosis

A

Symptoms

No known tests

36
Q

Spasmatic tortcollis- treatment

A
  • massage, acupuncture, etc
  • botox reduces pain
  • muscle relaxants
    Benzodiaphines

WPPIII (5 decks)

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