PNS disorders

Question 1

Paresthesia-

Answer 1

a morbid or abnormal sensation as burning, prickling, pins, and needles, numbness

Question 2

ephase-

Answer 2

pathological contact between parallel nerve fibers where electrical nerve impulses can

Question 3

negative symptoms of PNS lesions

Answer 3

muscle weakness, loss of tendon reflexes, ANS defecits, impared sensation

Question 4

cuases of loss of function of PNS lesions.

Answer 4

conduction failure in efferents and/or afferents

Question 5

mergence or exaggerated symptoms

Answer 5

paresthesias caused by ephaptic transmission between adjacent damaged sensory nerve fibers that have become hyper exciteable -pain caused by compression of nerves

Question 6

mean conduction velocities

Answer 6

55 m/s

Question 7

Motor neuron soma lesion affect on velocity

Answer 7

slight or no change, in motor and no change in sensory

Question 8

compression affect on velocity

Answer 8

slowing of motor and sensory

Question 9

Demyelination affect on velocity

Answer 9

marked reduction of motor and senory

Question 10

mild axonal degenration effect on velocity

Answer 10

no or light reduction in velocity

Question 11

NMJ effect on velocity

Answer 11

No change in motor or sensory

Question 12

Muscle

Answer 12

no change in motor or sensory

Question 13

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 13

compression of the median nerve through the carpal tunnel causes weakness and numbness of the hand and wrist. pain that radiates up the arm. Women are more vulnerable than men.

Question 14

Wallerian degneratino

Answer 14

degeneration of the distal part of the axon

Question 15

anterograde transneural degeneration

Answer 15

degeneration of distal nerve cells

Question 16

Retragrade transneural degeneration

Answer 16

degeneration of proximal nerve cells.

Question 17

for regeneration axons my use

Answer 17

lingering schwann cells as a guide

Question 18

sprouting errors causes

Answer 18

aberrant motor output during attempts at volitional movement.

Question 19

axonal regrowth is facilitated by

Answer 19

nerve growth facotr, laminins and adhesion molecules. and grow at 1 mm/day

Question 20

Gliosis occurs

Answer 20

when astrocytes multiply in regions of trauma and form a glial scar. This is a mechanical barrier to sprouting axons

Question 21

an inhibitory chemical messengers tells the CNS

Answer 21

not to grow axons

Question 22

regrowing axons differentiate into nerve terminals when

Answer 22

they contact the basal lamina

Question 23

complications of guillain- barre syndrome

Answer 23

respiratory failure, aspiration, pneumonia, deep vein thrombosis

Question 24

treatment for guillain Barre syndrome

Answer 24

plasmapheresis and intravenous immune globulin.

Question 25

Leprosy

Answer 25

causes damage to peripheral nerve, sensory loss, muscle weakness may loose protective nociception.

Question 26

lead toxicity

Answer 26

symmetric muscle weakness in distal regions, feet worst of all. focal weakness of extensor meucle fingers wrist and arms. bilateral weakness and wasting in chronic situations. motor neuropathy in adults but encephalopathy in infants. no sensory symptoms.

Question 27

Alcoholic polyneuropathy

Answer 27

numbness, tingling, burning feet, weakness, more at risk if alcoholism is present for 10 years. associated with B1 deficiency

Question 28

diabetes mellitus

Answer 28

usually express symmetric sensory, assymetric motr, and autonomic deficits. sensory usually begin in both legs due to abnormalities in unmylienated axons,