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Pathophysiology > PNS > Flashcards

PNS Flashcards

1
Q

Sympathetic/Adrenergic receptors

  • A1-adrenergic
A
  • Excitation or stimulation
  • Vascular smooth muscle (norepi stimulates a1 > vasoconstriction)
  • Sphincter – GI, urinary (flowmax alpha blocker)
  • Eyes and hair follicles
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2
Q
  • A2-adrenergic activity
A
  • Relaxation or inhibition
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3
Q
  • B1- adrenergic
A
  • Increases HR & contractility
  • Causes release of renin from kidneys
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4
Q
  • B2-adrengeric
A
  • Smooth muscles – relaxes
  • GI, respiratory, skeletal muscles, bladder
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5
Q
  • B3-adrenergic
A
  • Mediates lipolysis and thermogenesis; is upregulated in cardiovascular disease.
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6
Q

Sympathetic vs parasympathetic

A

PNS: Autonomic NS (also part of CNS)

  • Input from medulla and hypothalamus
  • Sympathetic & parasympathetic

Sympathetic (parasympathetic is opposite)

“sympathetic to the stress stimuli” para = opposite

Stimulated

Relaxed

HR, RR, BP

GI/GU, saliva, constipated, defecation

Pupils Dilated

Muscles Contract

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7
Q

I

A

I

Olfactory

Sensory

smell

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8
Q

II

A

II

Optic

Sensory

Optic n. Carries impulses for vision

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9
Q

III

A

III

Oculomotor

Mixed

Midbrain: muscle directs eyeballs, eye lids, iris, & proprioception (penlight > pupils constricts and track objects)

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10
Q

IV

A

Trochlear

Mixed

Midbrain: proprioception & extraocular m. (Test: follow moving object)

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11
Q

V

A

Trigeminal

Mixed

Pons: Motor of motor & sensory of face; Sensory of mouth, nose, surface of eye, and dura mater; motor chewing (Test: heat, cold, cotton to eye, jaw strength)

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12
Q

VI

A

Abducens

Motor

Eyes move laterally

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13
Q

VII

A

Facial

Mixed

Anterior 2/3 tongue taste, facial symmetry

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14
Q

IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

mix

Pharynx (throat), salivary glands, posterior tongue (taste buds), pressure sensor of carotid a. (Test: gag & cough reflex)

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15
Q

X

A

Vagus

Mixed

Medulla: RR, GI, essental functions; Pharynx sensory & motor; parasympathetic motor fibers (Test: gag & cough reflex)

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16
Q

XI

A

Spinal Accessory

Mixed

Sternocleidomastoid, trapezius (test: rotate head and shrug shoulders)

17
Q

XII

A

Hypoglossal

Mixed

Muscles and sensory of tongue (Test: stick out tongue)

18
Q

PNS: Dermatomes:

A

layer sensory system that connect to spinal cord

19
Q

PNS: Somatic NS:

A

coordinating body movements, conscious control

20
Q

PNS: Enteric NS:

A

Digestion, entire GI

Pathophysiology (9 decks)

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