PNS Flashcards
The primary target of demyelinating neuropathies is
a. Axon
b. Neuron
c. Schwann cells with their myelin sheaths
d. Node of ranvier
C. Schwann cells with their myelin sheats
Infections associated with Guillain-Barre
a. Campylobacter jejuni
b. CMV
c. EBV
d. All of the above
D. All of the above
It is the most common chronic acquired inflammatory peripheral neuropathy, characterized by symmetrical mixed sensorimotor polyneuropathy that persists for 2 months or more.
Answer: Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy
Most common cause of peripheral neuropathy, wherein there is ascending distal symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy
a. Diabetes
b. Varicella zoster virus
c. Lung disease
A. Diabetes
Hypercellular portion of schwannoma
a. Antoni A
b. Antoni B - hypocellular
c. Verocay bodies
A. Antoni A
Conditions of complete loss of neurofibromin
a. Neurofibromas
b. Schwannoma
c. MPNST
d. Neuroma
A. Neurofibromas
Neurofibroma which has the highest risk for MPNST transformation
Choices not recorded.
Plexiform Neurofibroma
These are small, well- delineated but unencapsulated nodular lesions that arise in the dermis and subcutaneous fat.
a. schwannoma
b. localized cutaneous neurofibroma
c. plexiform neurofibroma
d. diffuse neurofibroma
b. localized cutaneous neurofibroma
This is an autosomal dominant disorder resulting in a range of tumors, most commonly bilateral eighth nerve schwannomas, multiple meningiomas, and ependymomas of the spinal cord.
Neurofibromatosis Type 2
These tumors grow within and expand nerve fascicles, entrapping associated axons. The expanded, ropy thickening of multiple nerve fascicles results in what is sometimes referred to as a “bag of worms” appearance.
a. plexiform neurofibroma
b. schwannoma
c. diffuse neurofibroma
d. localized cutaneuos neurofibroma
a. plexiform neurofibroma
biopsy of muscle in patient with dermatomyositis will show
a. deposition of Ig
b. deposition of MAC
c. deposition of IgA
d. mononuclear infiltrates
d. mononuclear infiltrates
Antibodies showing a strong association with prominent Gottron papules and heliotrope rash in Dermatomyositis
a. Anti-P155/P140 antibodies
b. Anti-Mi2 antibodies
c. Anti-basement membrane antibody
d. Anti-Jo1 antibodies
b. Anti-Mi2 antibodies
Antibodies associated with interstitial lung disease, nonerosive arthritis, and a skin rash
described as “mechanic’s hands.”
a. Anti-Mi2 antibodies
b. Anti-Jo1 antibodies
c. Anti-basement membrane antibody
d. Anti-P155/P140 antibodies
b. Anti-Jo1 antibodies
most common inflammatory myopathy in children
a. dermatomyositis
b. polymyositis
c. inclusion body myositis
d. toxic myopathies
a. dermatomyositis
autoimmune Diseases often associated with distinct antibodies … several acute muscle
weakness .. significantly increased creatinine levels
a. dermatomyositis
b. Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy
c. Inclusion Body Myositis
d. Toxic myopathies
d. Toxic myopathies
Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy associated with antibodies against
a. Anti MI2 antibodies
b. HMG-CoA reductase
c. Anti Jo antibodies
b. HMG-CoA reductase
In polymyositis, these cells are a prominent part of the inflammatory infiltrate in affected muscle, and it is hypothesized that these cells are mediators of tissue damage.
CD8+ cytotoxic T cells
This is a disease of late adulthood that typically affects patients older than 50 years and is the most common inflammatory myopathy in patients older than age 65 years
a. Polymyositis
b. Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy
c. Inclusion Body Myositis
d. Toxic myopathies
c. Inclusion Body Myositis
Most Common Etiology of Toxic Myopathies:
a. Chloroquine
b. Statin
c. Antibiotic
d. Steroids
b. Statin
Drugs interfere with normal lysosomal function and can cause a drug-induced lysosomal storage myopathy that presents with slowly progressive muscle weakness. The muscle tissue shows myopathic changes including vacuolation that predominantly affects type I fibers.
a. Chloroquine
b. Statin
c. Antibiotic
d. Steroids
a. Chloroquine
Drugs associated in ICU myopathy
a. Chloroquine
b. Statin
c. Antibiotic
d. Steroids
d. Steroids
This is an inherited muscular disorder that tends to present in infancy and are often associated with developmental abnormalities of the CNS as well as progressive muscle damage.
a. Congenital myopathies
b. Muscular dystrophies
c. Congenital muscular dystrophies
d. Congenital myositis
c. Congenital muscular dystrophies
This is a cause of loss-of-function mutations in the dystrophin gene on the X chromosome
A. Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy
B. Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy
C. Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EMD)
D. Myotonic Dystrophy
A. Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy
Characteristic of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy
A. Girls appear normal
B. Walking is not delayed
C. …..
D. clumsiness and inability to keep up with peers
D. clumsiness and inability to keep up with peers
