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AP LQ2 4th bi > ENDOCRINE > Flashcards

ENDOCRINE Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Most common functional anterior pituitary adenoma
    a. Lactoroph adenoma
    b. Corticotroph adenoma
    c. Gonadotroph adenoma
    d. Somatotroph adenoma
    e. Thyrotroph adenoma
A

a. Lactoroph adenoma

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2
Q

Mass effect on Pituitary in cases of Adenomas:
a. Sellar abnormalities
b. Increased IntraCranial Pressure
c. Visual field defects
d. Pituitary apoplexy
e. All of the above

A

e. All of the above

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3
Q
  1. This is NOT among the features of Nelson syndrome.

A. post- removal of pituitary adenomas
B. post- adrenalectomy
C. development of large, destructive pituitary
D. adenomas history of Cushing syndrome

A

A. post- removal of pituitary adenomas

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4
Q

Pituitary carcinomas usually arises from these cells
a. Growth hormone
b. Thyroid stimulating hormone
c. Prolactin
d. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
e. Luteinizing hormone

A

d. Adrenocorticotropic hormone

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5
Q

Loss of hormonal function in Hypopituitarism proceeds in this ordered manner:
a. GH and gonadotropins → prolactin→ TSH and ACTH
b. prolactin →GH and gonadotropins → TSH and ACTH
c. TSH and ACTH → GH and gonadotropins → prolactin
d. GH and gonadotropins → TSH and ACTH → prolactin

A

d. GH and gonadotropins → TSH and ACTH → prolactin

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6
Q

Ischemic pituitary necrosis during postpartum:
a. Nelson syndrome
b. Cushing syndrome
c. Down syndrome
d. Sheehan syndrome

A

D. Sheehan syndrome

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7
Q

The cause for this condition is ADH excess from ectopic tumor:
a. Diabetes Mellitus
b. Central Diabetes Insipidus
c. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
d. Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

A

C. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)

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8
Q

The following are the features of Cretinism EXCEPT:

a. protruding tongue
b. hyperthyroidism
c. coarse facial features
d. mental retardation
e. short stature

A

B. Hyperthyroidism

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9
Q

Clinical Manifestations of hyperparathyroidism EXCEPT:
a. nephrocalcinosis
b. aortic and/or mitral valve calcifications
c. weakness, fatigue
d. depression, lethargy, seizures
e. nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

A

e. nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

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10
Q

In patient with ADH deficiency, restricting water intake for 8 hours would cause an _____ effect on the plasma and an ____ effect on the urine.
a. Concentrated and dilutional
b. Dilutional and concentrating
c. Variable and Dilutional
d. Dilutional and variable

A

B. Dilutional and concentrating

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11
Q

Adrenal Medullary Insufficiency is characterized by the symptoms of ______and a ______ level of urinary free cortisol.
a. hyperglycemia - increased
b. hypoglycemia - decreased
c. hyperglycemia - decreased
d. hypoglycemia - increased

A

b. hypoglycemia - decreased

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12
Q

Dexamethasone .. synthetic analog does not only act like a ____ feedback but also has the function to ACTH thus in hypoadrenalism and the effect is in adrenal cortex … be ____ and plasma order in cortisol the defects in hypothalamus and pituitary gland there will be _____ plasma urine and cortisol.
a. Positive, no change, increase
b. Negative, no change, increase
c. Negative, decrease, increase
d. Positive, increase, decrease

A

c. Negative, decrease, increase??

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13
Q

Addison’s disease is characterized by_______ aldosterone, _____plasma cortisol, ______ urine free cortisol, and ______17-OHCS.
a. increased – increased – increased - increased
b. variable – normal - increased - decreased
c. normal – normal – decreased - decreased
d. decreased – decreased – decreased - decreased

A

d. decreased – decreased – decreased - decreased

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14
Q

Normally after the metyrapone challenge the, plasma cortisol is ____ T11 deoxy precursor, ____……, _____ of the urine and cortisol ______.
a. Normal, variable, increase, decrease
b. Increase, decrease, decrease, increase
c. Normal, variable, increase, decrease
d. Decrease, increase, increase, decrease

A

D. Decrease, increase, increase, decrease??

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15
Q

. A product of thyroid hormone metabolism which can act as a thyroid hormone inhibitor
a. 3’3’5’ triiodothyronine
b. 3’5’3’ triiodothyronine
c. 3535 tetra triiodothyronine

A

b. 3’5’3’ triiodothyronine

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16
Q

This is not among the functions of glucocorticoids
a. Analgesic
b. Hyperglycemic
c. Anti-inflammatory
d. Immunosuppressive

A

A. Analgesic

17
Q

This is not among the stressful stimuli for the release of cortisol
a. Surgical trauma
b. hyperglycemia
c. pyrogens
d. hemorrhage

A

B. Hyperglycemia

18
Q

In establishing a diagnosis of Cushing syndrome, obtain blood between
a. 9:00AM & midday
b. 7:00PM & midnight
c. 9:00PM & dawn
d. 9:00PM & 12:00AM

A

a. 9:00AM & midday

19
Q

Clinical characteristics that favour malignancy of Thyroid, EXCEPT:
a. multinodular
b. male
c. cold nodules
d. young
e. history of radiation therapy

A

A. Multinodular

20
Q

The most common thyroid carcinoma present this diagnostic pathological 1 point
finding:
a. microfollicular structures, with capsular invasion
b. highly pleomorphic giant cells with widely invasive growth & extensive tumor
necrosis
c. polygonal cells with amphophilic granular cytoplasm surrounded by stromal amyloid
deposits
d. “Orphan-Annie’s eye” nuclear inclusions & fingerlike projections

A

d. “Orphan-Annie’s eye” nuclear inclusions & fingerlike projections

21
Q

It is a hormone that stimulate the secretion and inhibits absorption of sodium chloride and potassium in water within the … and seen in increase bowel motility

a. Vasoactive intestinal peptide
b. Cholecystokinin
c. Relaxin
d. Atrial natriuretic peptide
e. Secretin

A

d. Atrial natriuretic peptide??

22
Q

Decrease the amount of cortisol stimulate the breakdown of ____ and therefore decrease in the epinephrine level

a. Phenylethanolamine n methyltransferase
b. … methyltransferase
c. Homovanillic acid
d. Monoamine oxidase

A

a. Phenylethanolamine n methyltransferase??

23
Q

The principal end product of dopamine metabolism

a. Vanillylmandelic acid
b. Catecholamineltransferase
c. Homovanillic acid
d. Monoamine oxidase

A

c. Homovanillic acid

24
Q

The transfers of substance in the urine are useful in the diagnostic of neuroblastoma
except:
a. Dopamine
b. Homovanillic acid
c. Vanillylmandelic acid
d. Norepinephrine

A

a. Dopamine - possible?

25
Q

Metanephrine (??) the metabolized form of norepinephrine using the enzyme.

a. Phenylazolamine
b. Catechol-O-methyltransferase
c. Homovanillic acid
d. Monoamine oxidase

A

b. Catechol-O-methyltransferase

26
Q

A type of catecholamines, except: (????)

a. Increase blood pressure
b. Hypoglycemia
c. Lipolysis
d. Dilation of pupils

A

B. Hypoglycemia

27
Q

Controls anovulatory cycles:

a. amenorrhea
b. no cyclical rise in pregnanediol urine excretion
c. decreased blood estrogen level
d. 1st & 2nd choices only
e. 2nd & 3rd choices only
f. All of the above

A

d. 1st & 2nd choices only - ito sagot sa recall, pero no score

28
Q

Serum Na+ decreased, but urine osmolality increase.

a. Diabetes insipidus
b. SIADH
c. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
d. Cushing’s syndrome

A

B. SIADH

29
Q

Compensated biochemical response on iodine deficiency goiter

a. Euthyroid state
b. Hypothyroid state
c. Goiter state

A

A. Euthyroid state

30
Q

Cretinism in children is a clinical manifestation of this pituitary adenoma.

a. Lactotroph adenoma
b. Gonadotroph adenoma
c. Somatotroph adenoma
d. Corticotroph adenoma
e. Thyrotroph adenoma

A

e. Thyrotroph adenoma

31
Q

Hyperthyroidism is seen in the following, except:
a. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
b. Grave’s disease
c. Multinodular goiter
d. Pituitary adenoma

A

A. Hashimoto’s thyoiditis

32
Q

Which statement explains Chvostek’s sign?

  1. Clinical manifestation of hypothyroidism
  2. Increase (??) activity to (???) and (??) tumor
  3. Carpopedal spasm caused impeded(?) blood pressure cuff
  4. Twitching of the facial muscle in response
  5. Hypocalcemia

a. 1, 2, 4
b. 1, 2, 3, 5
c. 1, 3, 5
d. 1, 4, 5

A

D. 1, 4, 5

33
Q

Baseline T3 & T4 decreased; Baseline TSH increased; Baseline TRH increased

A

Primary hypothyroidism

34
Q

Baseline T3, T4 & TSH increased; remains the same after TRH challenge

A

Secondary hyperthyroidism

35
Q

DHEA-S

a. Non-(???) fertility testing; Low sperm count
b. Assessment of ovarian egg (??) or PCOS
c. Evaluation of menopausal state
d. Anovulatory cycle
e. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia or premature puberty

A

A. Non-(???) fertility testing; Low sperm count

36
Q

Anti-Mullerian hormone

a. Non-(???) fertility testing; Low sperm count
b. Assessment of ovarian egg (??) or PCOS
c. Evaluation of menopausal state
d. Anovulatory cycle
e. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia or premature puberty

A

b. Assessment of ovarian egg (??) or PCOS

AP LQ2 4th bi (4 decks)

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