PNF Flashcards
What does PNF stand for
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
P- sensory receptors concerning movement and position
N- nerves and muscles
F- makes it easier
What are the PNF procedures and principles
Resistance Irradiation Manual contact Body position Verbal command Vision Stretch Traction and approximation Timing Patterns
Resistance-
Apply resistance when appropriate and it will facilitate movement, use as an ASSESSMENT tool
Irradiation is
Overflow and recruitment
What kind of manual contact
Lumby grip and direction
Body position
Diagonal
Stretch should be
A reflex
Traction and approx
Movement. Vs stability
T/f principles can be applied without patterns
True
Techniques can be applied without patterns t/f
True
What are the patterns for D1 UE
Flex/add/Er
Ext/abd/Ir
D2 UE
Flex/abd/Er
Ext/add/Ir
D1 LE
Flex/add/Er/DF/inv
Ext/abd/ir/PR/ev
WHat are the therapeutic goals of optimal resistance
Facilitate ability of muscle to contract
Increase motor control and improve motor learning
Help the patient gain awareness of motion and direction
Increase strength
Help pt relax muscle (reciprocal inhibition)
Define optimal resistance
Intensity of resistance provided during an activity is dependent on capabilities of pt as well as on the goal of activity
Functional example of resistance
Learning how to STS or going down stairs to guide resistance to teach pts to control activity
Define irradiation
Spread of response of nerve impulses of given stimulation
Seen as increased facilitation (contraction) or inhibition (relaxation)
Traction
Elongation of trunk or extremity by PT
Therapeutic goals of traction
Facilitate motion, esp pulling and anti-gravity motions
Aid in elongation of muscle tissue when using the stretch reflex
Resist some part of motion (use at beginning of shoulder flexion to counteract or to facilitate scap elev)
Approximation
Compression of trunk or extremity
(Muscle contractions followed by approximation is due to stim of jt receptors.
Also increased muscular response to counteract disturbance of position/posture)
Therapeutic goals of approximation
Promote stabilization
Facilitate WB and contraction of antigravity muscles
Help upright rxns
Resist some component of motion, use approx at end of shoulder flexion to resist scap elevation and to increase irradiation or reinforcement of other parts of body
Someone with spasticity what would you use?
Use the stretch reflex and can be used to initiate movement
Can be used to inhibit spasticity by allowing movement in direction opposite spastic pattern
Timing ther goals
Normal timing provides continuous coordinated motion until task is acccomplished
Timing for emphasis redirects energy of a strong contraction into weaker muscles
Rhythmic initiation is characterized as
Motion of the limb or body thru desired range, starting with passive motion and progressing to active resisted
Goals of RI
Aid in initiation of motion Improve coordination and sense of motion Normalize rate of motion Teach Muscle tension to help pt relax
When would you use RI
Trouble initiating motion Movement too slow or fast Uncoordinated, ataxia rigidity Muscle tone General tension
CI is
Combo of conc, ecc, and stab contractions of 1 group of muscles without relaxation
Goals of CI
Active control of motion Coordination Increase AROM Strength Fxnal training in ecc movement
Reversal
Activeresisted and conc motion change from one direction to opp without pause or relaxation
Goals of reversals
increase AROM Strength Coordination Reduce fatigue Increase endurance Decrease muscle tone
Rhythmic stab
Alernating isometric contractions against resistance, no motion
Goals of rhym stab
Increase AROM/PROM
Strength stability and balance
Decrease pain
Contra for RS
Too diffu=icult with cerebellar involvement
Unable to follow instructions
Repeated stretch
Repeated use of stretch reflex to elicit active muscle recruitment from muscles under tension of elongation
Contra for repeated stretch
Jt instability
Pain
Unstable bones due to cx or osteoporosis
Damaged muscle or tendon
Contract relax
Resisted isotonic followed by relaxation and movement into increased range
Goal of contract relax
Increase PROM
Hold relax
Resisted isometric contraction of antagonistic muscles followed by relaxation
Goal of hold-relax
Increase PROM
Decrease pain
Replication
Facilitate motor learning. Of fxnal activities teach pt outcome of movement or activity is important for fxnal work and self care
