PNF

Question 1

Temporal summation

Answer 1

Series of weak stimuli during a short timeframe, combining (summation) to cause excitation

Question 1

Afterdischarge

Answer 1

• effect of stimulus continues after stimulus has stopped
• INC strength & duration of stimulus = INC after discharge

Question 2

Spatial summation

Answer 2

Weak stimuli applied at the same time in different areas of the body, causing excitation

Question 3

T/F Temporal and spatial summation can work together to create more activity

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Irradiation

Answer 4

• Spreading and increased strength of a response
• INC number or strength of stimuli
• response = facilitation/ inhibition
• ex: using stronger muscles to help recruit weaker muscles

Question 5

Successive induction

Answer 5

• increased excitability of agonist muscle following stimulation of the antagonist
• throughout the use of repeated contractions , muscle efficiency increases
  ex: Flexion improves extension and extension improves flexion

Question 6

Reciprocal inhibition

Answer 6

• Active contraction of agonist inhibits antagonist

Question 7

Reciprocal innervation

Answer 7

After a contraction of agonist muscle group, it is easier to facilitate a contraction in the antagonist muscle group and vice versa

Question 8

Name 10 goals of why a therapist would use PNF

Answer 8

1. Initiate motion
2. Learn a motion
3. Change rate of motion
4. Increase strength
5. Increase stability
6. Increase coordination and control
7. Increase endurance
8. Increase ROM
9. Increase relaxation
10. Decrease pain

Question 9

What type of technique is rhythmic initiation?

Answer 9

moving from passive to active assisted to active movements

Question 10

Why would a therapist choose to do rhythmic initiation?

Answer 10

To help teach & initiate movement
improve coordination and sense of motion
normalize movement rate
help with relaxation

Question 11

moving with resistance (______) through ROM, until fatigue is an example of ____ _______

Answer 11

isotonic; repeated contraction

Question 12

which type of ROM does repeated contraction increase

Answer 12

AROM

Question 13

Define slow reversal

Answer 13

Resistance applied maximally to agonist and then antagonist, performed isotonic resistance, not performed to EROM

Question 14

Why would a therapist choose to use slow reversal

Answer 14

• increase AROM
• increase strength and endurance
  decrease/prevent fatigue
  decrease muscle tone (hypertonic muscles)

Question 15

Describe rhythmic stabilization

Answer 15

Isometric contraction of agonist and then the antagonist at specific points in ROM

Question 16

T/F rhythmic stabilization helps decrease pain

Answer 16

true

Question 17

Which pnf techniques have decrease pain as a goal

Answer 17

Rhythmic stabilization & hold-relax

Question 18

T/F, contract-relax, hold-relax and slow-reversal-hold-relax all increase PROM

Answer 18

False, slow-reversal-hold-relax increases AROM

Question 19

In UE PNF patterns which movements are always together

Answer 19

Flexion + External rotation

Extension + Internal rotation

Question 20

What is the D1 pattern UE

Answer 20

“seatbelt”
Start: FL, ER, HADD

Question 21

What is the D2 pattern UE

Answer 21

“Disco”
Start: bottom hip

Question 22

What movements are always together for LE

Answer 22

adduction- external rotation

abduction- internal rotation