Pneumothorax

Question 1

Air leak in pneumothorax most commonly originates from

Answer 1

Within the lung

Question 2

Primary idiopathic spontaneous pneumothorax usually results from

Answer 2

Ruptured subpleural blebs

Question 3

Pneumothorax that occurs without trauma or underlying lung disease

Answer 3

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Question 4

Familial cases of spontaneous pneumothorax have been associated with mutations in what gene

Answer 4

Folliculin gene (FCLN)

Question 5

Patients with synthesis defects of what connective tissue are unusually prone to the development of pneumothorax

Answer 5

Collagen (e.g. Ehlers-Danlos and Marfan)

Question 6

A pneumothorax arising as a complication of an underlying lung disorder but without trauma

Answer 6

Secondary pneumothorax

Question 7

Incidence of pneumothorax is relatively high in infants with this type of pneumonia

Answer 7

Staphylococcal

Question 8

Which drugs of abuse are associated with pneumothorax

Answer 8

1) Ecstasy (MDMA) 2) Crack cocaine 3) Marijuana

Question 9

T/F High flow nasal cannula therapy may cause iatrogenic pneumothorax

Answer 9

T

Question 10

What is catamenial pneumothorax

Answer 10

Pneumothorax related to menses, diaphragmatic defects, and pleural blebs

Question 11

Bilateral pneumothorax has been reported in which conditions

Answer 11

1) Neonatal period 2) After lung transplantation 3) M. pneumoniae infection 4) Tuberculosis

Question 12

Mechanisms of hypoxemia in pneumothorax

Answer 12

1) Alveolar hypoventilation 2) V/Q mismatch 3) Intrapulmonary shunt

Question 13

Pleural pressure in simple pneumothorax

Answer 13

Atmospheric

Question 14

% lung collapse in simple pneumothorax

Answer 14

30%

Question 15

Pleural pressure in tension pneumothorax

Answer 15

Increasing positive pressure

Question 16

T/F severity of pain in pneumothorax usually reflects extent of collapse

Answer 16

F

Question 17

This radiographic view accentuates the contrast between lung markings and the clear area of the pneumothorax

Answer 17

Expiratory view

Question 18

T/F When the lungs are stiff (e.g. cystic fibrosis or RDS) the unaffected lung collapses easily hence shifting of structures likely occurs

Answer 18

F

Question 19

A small pneumothorax is defined as a collapse of how many percent

Answer 19

5

Question 20

A small or moderate-sized pneumothorax may resolve spontaneously usually within what time period

Answer 20

1 week

Question 21

T/F Administration of 100% O2 in pneumothorax may hasten spontaneous resolution

Answer 21

T

Question 22

T/F Needle aspiration is as effective as tube thoracostomy in emergency management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Answer 22

T

Question 23

Indications for chest tube drainage of pneumothorax

Answer 23

1) Recurrent 2) Secondary 3) Under tension 4) >5% collapse

Question 24

T/F Pneumothorax complicating CF usually recurs

Answer 24

T

Question 25

Preferred therapy for blebectomy, pleural stripping, pleural brushing, and instillation of sclerosing agents

Answer 25

VATS