Pneumothorax Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Pneumothorax

A

Air in pleural space

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2
Q

Types of Pneumothorax

A
  1. Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (no cause)
  2. Secondary Pneumothorax (due to)
    Asthma
    Emphysema
    RTA
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3
Q

C/F of Pneumothorax

A

Symptoms:
SOB
Pleuritic chest pain

Signs:
Decreased breath sounds
Hyper-resonant on percussion
Circulatory shock (TP)
Raised JVP (TP)
Apex beat shift - tension Pneumothorax

Xray:
Tracheal deviation esp in tension Pneumothorax
Broncho-vascular markings decreased

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4
Q

MX of Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (PSP)

A

Small (<15% air in chest cavity/<2cm air rim), Asymptomatic - Observe

Large, Asymptomatic - Observe

Large, <95%O2 sat - Oxygen

Small/Large, symptoms+ … Aspiration (2nd intercostal space)

Intercostal drainage tube
If >3L on aspiration or
>15% air after 2-4 hrs of aspiration

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5
Q

MX of Secondary Pneumothorax

A

If >15%, >50yrs, rim of air on CXR >2cm
Directly go for chest drainage tube

if not or air rim 1-2cm .. aspiration … not improving … Chest drainage tube

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6
Q

Mx of Tension Pneumothorax

A

Needle thoracostomy immediately

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7
Q

Traumatic pneumothorax

A

Chest tube if - symptomatic/large
1. Gen anaesthesia
2. Intubation and ventillation
3. Transport via air support

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