Pleural effusion Flashcards

1
Q

What is pleural effusion?

A

Fluid in pleural cavity

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2
Q

CXR finding in pleural effusion

A

Loss of Costo-phrenic angle (CPA)

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3
Q

Types of pleural effusion

A

Transudative - B ilateral
in Liver, heart, kidney failure

Exudative - Unilateral
in Pneumonia, Carcinoma, TB

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4
Q

Light criteria

A

Exudative pleural effusion
LDH and protein in pleural fluid compared with blood

Transudative
LDH <200 IU/ml
LDH/serum LDH <0.6
Protein/serum protein <0.5

Exudative
LDH >200 IU/ml
LDH/serum LDH >0.6
Protein/serum protein >0.5

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5
Q

Mx of pleural effusion

A
  1. Small effusion - observe
  2. Fluid aspiration/tapping (NO MORE THAN1.5L) - sudden re-expansion may cause pulm oedema
  3. Chest drain - empyema/haemothorax
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6
Q

Simple vs complicated parapneumonic effusion

A

Parapneumonic pleural effusion = effusion post pneumonia

Simple:
Transudate
Non loculated

Complicated:
1. Bact infection in pleural space
2. Effusion/empyema
3. loculated
4. d/t Staph aureus, Grp A strep, pneumococcus

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