Pneumonia Flashcards
1
Q
Pneumonia as “great neglected disease of mankind”
~*~DrAmA qUeEn AlErT~*~
A
- Often misdiagnosed, mistreated, underestimated
- Kills more children worldwide than any other illness
- 2-4 million deaths/year
- Most young children in poor countries
- Accounts for 1/5 deaths in children < 5y/o
- Kills more children than measles + malaria + HIV/AIDS combined
- Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in US:
- 6th leading cause of death overall
- Leading cause of ID deaths (~4 million cases, 600,000 hospitalizations/year)
2
Q
Other causes of cough
A
- Pharyngitis
- Sinusitis
- Bronchitis
- COPD exacerbation
3
Q
Features of pneumonia
A
- Acute fever
- Tachypnea
- Cough
- Purulent sputum
- Lung consolidation
- CXR infiltrates
- S/S fewer in elderly (may just “feel bad”)
4
Q
Common risks for pneumonia
A
- Elderly
- Waning immunity
- Liver disease
- Immunosuppression (especially HIV-1)
- Can’t kill the bugs
- Alcoholism
- Aspiration
- Hematologic malignancy
- Smoking
- Cilia paralyzed by smoke
- Infant not breast fed
- No antibodies
5
Q
Common causes of CAP (4)
A
- Mycoplasma
- S. pneumoniae
- M. tuberculosis
- Pneumocystis jirovecii
6
Q
Mycoplasma pneumonia: related risks
A
- Young person
8
Q
Mycoplasma pneumonia: syndrome (acute, subacute, or chronic?)
A
- Acute
10
Q
Mycoplasma pneumonia: treatment
A
- Macrolides or tetracycline
12
Q
S. pneumoniae pneumonia: related risks
A
- Older person
- HIV+
14
Q
S. pneumoniae pneumonia: syndrome (acute, subacute, chronic?)
A
- Acute
16
Q
S. pneumoniae pneumonia: treatment
A
- Macrolides or tetracycline
18
Q
M. tuberculosis pneumonia: age group/related risks
A
- Asian or African immigrant
20
Q
M. tuberculosis pneumonia: syndrome (acute, subacute, chronic?)
A
- Chronic
22
Q
M. tuberculosis pneumonia: treatment
A
- Isoniazid
- Rifampin
- Pyrazinamide
- Ethambutol
24
Q
Pneumocystis pneumonia: related risks
A
- HIV positive
