Pneumonia Flashcards
Pneumonia definition:
Acute infection of the lung parenchyma
What is a parenchyma?
A functional unit of an organ
Functional portion (parenchyma) of the lung is the __.
Alveoli
Name 7 risk factors for pneumonia
Age >65 Altered level of consciousness Immobility Debilitating illness Malnutrition Smoking Tracheal Intubation
Why is a patient with altered level of consciousness at risk factor for pneumonia?
They have a weakened cough and can’t expectorate their secretions
What type of pneumonia does altered LOC and weakened cough put a patient at risk for?
Aspiration pneumonia
In who does community-acquired pneumonia occur?
Patients who have not been hospitalized or lived in a long-term care facility within 14 days of first onset of symptoms
To be considered hospital-acquired pneumonia, the onset of symptoms should start at least…
48 hours after admission
If a patient is admitted with symptoms of pneumonia, can it be considered hospital-acquired?
No
A type of hospital-acquired pneumonia that often occurs in the ICU?
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
List the four types of pneumonia .
Viral, bacterial, aspiration, opportunistic
What is the most common type of pneumonia?
Viral
Opportunistic pneumonia occurs in __ patients.
Immunocompromised
Aspiration pneumonia results from…?
Abnormal entry of material from mouth/stomach into lungs/trachea
This type of pneumonia is more serious and may require hospitalization.
Bacterial pneumonia
Viral pneumonia usually resolves in…?
3-4 days
What is the severity (virulence) of viral pneumonia?
It can be mild or self-limiting, or cause potentially life-threatening problems
Name three risk factors for aspiration pneumonia
Decreased LOC, dysphasia, and NG tubes
Nasogastric tubes must be __ to prevent aspiration pneumonia
post pyloric
Aspiration pneumonia may be __.
Silent
Pneumonia is usually preceded by an __ __ __.
upper respiratory infection
Myalgia definition
Muscle aches and pain