Oxygen Delivery Devices (Review from Lab)

Question 1

What is a nasal cannula?

Answer 1

1-6 L/min: 24-44%

Typically humidification is needed if flow rate = or > than 4 L/min (due to drying)

Advantages: Safe & simple, easily tolerated, effective for low concentrations, does not impede talking or eating, inexpensive & disposable

Disadvantage: Drying to mucous membranes, dislodges easily, may cause skin irritation/breakdown around ears & nares, patient’s breathing pattern (mouth vs nasal) affects exact FiO2

Question 2

What is a simple face mask?

Answer 2

6-12 L/min: 35-50% FI02

Advantages: Useful for short periods such as patient transportation

Disadvantages: Contraindicated for patients who retain CO2, may induce feelings of claustrophobia, therapy interrupted with eating & drinking, increased risk for aspiration

Question 3

What is a partial rebreather mask?

Answer 3

10-15 L/min: 60%-90%; reservoir bag should remain partially inflated AAT

Advantages: Useful for short periods, delivers increased FiO2 than simple face mask, easily humidifies O2, does not dry mucous membranes

Disadvantages: Hot & confining, may irritate skin, tight seal necessary, interferes with eating & talking, bag may twist or kink, should not totally deflate

Question 4

What is a non-rebreather mask?

Answer 4

10-15 L/min: 70%-90%; reservoir bag should remain partially inflated AAT

Contains one-way valves with reservoir; exhaled air does not enter reservoir bag

Advantages: Useful for short periods, delivers increased FiO2 than simple face mask, easily humidifies O2, does not dry mucous membranes

Disadvantages: Hot & confining, may irritate skin, tight seal necessary, interferes with eating & talking, bag may twist or kink, should not totally deflate

Question 5

What is a Venturi (Venti) mask?

Answer 5

24-60%

Provides specific amount of oxygen; high-flow & precise. Typically used for patients with COPD who need low, constant oxygen concentrations.

Question 6

What is the difference between a partial and non-rebreather mask?

Answer 6

Partial rebreathers use the reservoir bag to capture some exhaled gas for rebreathing whereas non-rebreathers have a valve that prevents exhaled air from entering the reservoir bag

Question 7

What is a high-flow nasal cannula?

Answer 7

Adjustable Fi92 (0.21-1) with modifiable flow (up to 60 L/min)

Can humidify & warm.

Used to treat respiratory failure.