Pneumonia

Question 1

pneumonia is

Answer 1

Acute infection of the lung parenchyma by various pathogens, excluding bronchitis

Question 2

4 causes of pneumonia

Answer 2

Viral
aspiration
fungal
hospital-acquired

Question 3

Symptoms

Answer 3

Cough - dry, or produce thick yellow, green, brown or blood-stained mucus
Fever
Dyspnoea - may be rapid and shallow
Rapid heart rate - tachycardia
Sweating and shivering

Question 4

Auscultations

Answer 4

Decreased breath sounds
Bronchial breath sounds
Rhonchi - heard due to secretions
Wheezing (common)
Crackles (common)
Presence on lung auscultation is common after aspiration of gastric contents
Decreased chest expansion (on affected lung)
Dull to percussion
Bronchial breath sounds
Increased vocal reminisce - vibrations in chest wall felt on palpation produced when speaking

Question 5

An X ray will show

Answer 5

area of lung iflammation

Question 6

Lobar pneumonia is

Answer 6

Consolidation occurring in one lobe
Starts distally (alveoli) spreads throughout lobe

Question 7

Bronchopneumonia is

Answer 7

Patches throughout respiratory tract

Infection spreads along airways + reaches distal areas

Question 8

Management involves

Answer 8

oxygen
Intravenous fluids
pain - NSAIDS (NOT OPIOIDS - respiratory depressant)
antibiotics