PNA

Question 1

PNA can be caused by what?

Answer 1

1. Bacteria
2. Virus
3. Fungi

Question 2

Which organism is responsible for approximately 36% of all CAP pneumonia in adults?

Answer 2

S. Pneumoniae

Question 3

What type of disease does S. pneumonia cause.

Answer 3

pneumococcal disease

Question 4

First line choice of treatment for CAP

Answer 4

1. Amoxicillin

Question 5

Why has Macrolide therapy no longer first line therapy for CAP?

Answer 5

Resistance to streptococcus pneumonia resistance

Question 6

Which organism is responsible or most frequently seen after an influenza virus infection?

Answer 6

Pneumococcal pna

Question 7

Aside from S. pneumoniae what other organisms cause CAP?

Answer 7

1. Haemophilus
2. S. Aureus
3. Legionella
4. Mycoplasma

Question 8

What organism is associated with walking PNA?

Answer 8

1. Mycoplasma

Question 9

Is it a common occurrence to have bacterial and viral PNA?

Answer 9

it is common

to have viral and bacterial coinfection in CAP

Question 10

What are contributing factors to the development of PNA?

Answer 10

1. Smoking
2. Altered level of conscious
3. compromised immune system
4. underlying chronic conditions

Question 11

Almirall and colleagues found the strongest correlations for CAP risk?

Answer 11

a previous
history of CAP, current tobacco use, environmental irritant exposures, poor oral health or nutritional status,
functional impairment, comorbid chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease or asthma, immunosuppressive
therapy, oral steroid use, and the use of gastric-acid
suppressive drugs such as proton pump inhibitors
and H2 antagonists

Question 12

A nasal or bleating quality of transmitted vocal sounds that is elicited
when the patient says the letter “E”
and to the examiner, it sounds like
the letter “A”

Answer 12

Egophony

Question 13

e incubation period for pneumococcal

pneumonia is

Answer 13

1 to 3 days

Question 14

Transmission of M.

pneumoniae results

Answer 14

from person-to-person transfer
of respiratory droplets, and the incubation period
is between 1 and 4 weeks

Question 15

organism responsible for atypical

Answer 15

M. pneumoniae

Question 16

the percentage of the people that contract M. pneumoniae that go on to develop pna is

Answer 16

10%

Question 17

Why is atypical PNA termed walking PNA

Answer 17

pneumoniae starts as
a systemic illness with symptoms such as fever, sore
throat, headache, and cough.21 Symptoms tend to
gradually worsen over a period of weeks and then
self-resolve

Question 18

Clinicians can

increase the accuracy of chest radiography by

Answer 18

ensuring
that both posteroanterior and laterolateral images are
obtained.

Question 19

If a patient suspicious for PNA has a negative chest x ray what should be done

Answer 19

repeat chest x ray in 24 hours