Plumbing Flashcards
4 main types of pipes
Cast iron
- galvanized steel/iron
- copper
- plastic
Cast iron pipes
You will only find in drain systems
- heavy difficult to fit
- can join with pvc
PVC (plastic)
OD changes
-dimensions are referred to in schedules, 40, 60, 80 etc.
referencing wall thickness
-42-46 lbs of pressure should be in the line
-always prime with purple primer
-PVC is only for cold water
CPVC
-high temps and pressures
-hot and cold supply pipe
-slight yellow tint
3/8, 1/2, 3/4, 1” diameters
Copper
Rigid copper- best material ($$$)
- resists corrosion has smooth surfaces that provides best water flow
Types of copper
M- red lettering
L- blue lettering- usually req. by code
k- heaviest walls used mostly underground
Propane torch
DIY home projects, solders slower
Mapp Gas torch
Mixture of methylacetylene-propadine and liquified petroleum gas
- burns at 5300 degrees
Flux
the “purple primer” for soldering
cleans away the oxidized coating on metal and allows the liquid solder to flow and bond to the surfaces
make sure to have lead free solder wire
apply heat throughout process
To connect copper to galvanized pipe …
you must have a dielectric union
Polyethylene (PEX)
- heating or cold water supply
- easy to install
- easy to transport
- good insulation
- quiet
- good for retrofitting
- freeze resistant
- multicolored. color does not indicate hot or cold line.
- need pex tool kit
PEX Code
- Max horz. supp. 32” and vert 10’
- w/stand 210 degrees for 48 hrs
- ongoing use is rated for 180 degress water up to 100lbs per sq inch of pressure
Push on tubing connectors
- snake, alligator, shark, etc bites will go on pex copper or cpvc but not PVC bc of the different ODs
- remove inner white sleeve when working with copper pipe
Drain waste vent system (DWV)
- system of pipes that carries water and waste to a sewer line or septic tank
- 3 components –Drain lines- collect water from sink/shower
- -waste lines- carry waste from toilets
- -vent lines- exhaust sewer gases and provide the air pressure to allow wastes to flow freely
Key measurements
min 15” to L&R or toilet
min 12” to rear (recommended 13”)
Vent piping
- Vent line must be at least 6” above the flood plane
- ea. drain line must be served by a vent line that carries sewer gases out through the roof.
- several vents may be connected together and joined
- any drain line must have 1/4” drop per foot
Vent size
- never less than 1.1/4”
- never be = or
Wet venting
connecting to another vent line within the critical distance
Aux venting
measuring to where the critical distance is and putting in a new vent line
direct venting
inside critical distance so you are connecting directly into main vent line
stack vent
where vent line exits the roof
soil stack vs waste stack
interchangeable terms
PVC drain system
- get measurements
- drill or saw hole
- dry fit
- apply hangers at 1/4” per foot drop
- prime/glue entire system together
- vent line out of roof through rubber footing
clean outs
- should be easily accessible
- y-shape fitting
P trap
goes from sink drain into wall
S trap
goes from sink drain into floor
Types of faucets
- compression
- disk
- cartridge
- ball
Ball faucet
single handle over done cap, 3 holes in ball for water hot and cold
Compression faucet
two handles, you can feel the rubber selling itself as you twist
Disk faucet
Single handle, solid chrome body, 3 rings line up with 3 water lines, water hot and cold
cartridge faucet
single or double handle, only has quarter turn
Septic tanks
effect method for collecting, treating and deposing of sewage.
Water heaters
Pressurized system, cold water will enter bottom and push hot water out. 42-46 lbs of pressure in line.
