PLT Instruction

Question 1

a process where the larger considers a variety of possibilities, then chooses from those possibilities using unbiased, rational thinking

Answer 1

Critical Thinking

Question 2

Teams of students work together to solve assigned problems using text provided by the teacher

Answer 2

Creative Thinking

Question 3

Thinking that goes beyond recall of basic facts

Answer 3

Higher-Order Thinking

Question 4

Why is it important to incorporate higher order thinking?

Answer 4

1. Enables students to apply facts to solve real world problems
2. Improves retention of facts

Question 5

Teaching that follows the cycle of scientific inquiry (ex. searching literature, observing, designing experiments)

Answer 5

Inductive Thinking

Question 6

A form of inquiry that includes presenting a generalization, discussing core elements of it, students exploring elements, and student generation of examples to concept

Answer 6

Deductive Thinking

Question 7

Inductive teaching method where there is no direct instruction; teacher poses authentic problems and students learn skills and they work together to solve the problem

Answer 7

Problem-Strucutring/Problem-Solving

Question 8

Open-ended problem-solving task; creating something to fill a need

Answer 8

Invention

Question 9

Actively organizing and working with concepts or terms to improve incorporating concepts to memory

Answer 9

Memorization and Recall

Question 10

Instructional Processes

Answer 10

Critical Thinking
Creative Thinking
Higher-Order Thinking
Inductive Thinking
Deductive Thinking
Problem-Structuring/Solving
Invention
Memorization and Recall

Question 11

Instructional Strategies

Answer 11

Cooperative Learning
Direct Instruction
Discovery Learning
Whole-Group Discussion
Independent Study
Interdisciplinary Instruction
Concept Mapping
Inquiry Method
Questioning

Question 12

These are parts of Cooperative Learning (a small group learning)

Answer 12

1. Positive Interdependence
2. Face-to-Face Interaction
3. Individual Accountability
4. Structured Activity
5. Teamwork Skills/Group Processing

Question 13

Teacher-centered instruction that includes lecture, presentation, recitation

Answer 13

Direct Instruction

Question 14

Constructivist approach where students learn with an activity designed to lead them to particular concepts or conclusions; students acquire knowledge in a random order

Answer 14

Discovery Learning

Question 15

Practice done without intervention done by teacher; includes computer learning

Answer 15

Independent Study

Question 16

Effort by teacher to design learning activities with products and activities that relate to more than one discipline

Answer 16

Interdisciplinary Instruction

Question 17

Graphic organizers that allow learners to see relationships between concepts by diagramming keywords representing concepts

Answer 17

Concept Mapping (Novak 1960)

Question 18

A system where students solve problems or answer questions by forming hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data to provide evidence

Answer 18

Inquiry Method

Question 19

How students apply who/what/when/where/how/why to problems

Answer 19

Questioning

Question 20

Direct Instruction Models

Answer 20

Effective Teaching Model (hunter)
Advance Organizers (Ausubel)
Mastery Learning
Demonstrations
Mnemonics
Note-Taking
Outlining
Visual Aids
Curriculum Development Model (McCarthy)

Question 21

Includes objectives, standards, advance organizer, teaching, guided practice and monitoring, closure, independent practice

Answer 21

Madeline Hunter’s Effective Teaching Model

Question 22

Introduced before learning begins; act as a bridge between new concepts being taught and what student already knows

Answer 22

Ausubel’s Advance Organizers

Question 23

Says learning should be broken down into smaller units, each with objectives and assessment, includes diagnostic tests

Answer 23

Mastery Learning

Question 24

Modeling of what you want students to replicate in a smaller group

Answer 24

Demonstrations

Question 25

Methods for improving memory; based on memory concepts

Answer 25

Mnemonics

Question 26

Technique where teacher outlines a lecture and enables students to know where the instruction is going

Answer 26

Outlining

Question 27

These are used to better instruct students who are visual learners

Answer 27

Visual aids

Question 28

Includes: 1. Propose WHY questions to students 2. Engage in WHAT activities 3. Encourage students to ask HOW 4. Answer IF questions 5. Back to WHY; repeat

Answer 28

4MAT Curriculum Development Model (Bernice McCarthy)

Question 29

StudentCentered Models of Teaching

Answer 29

``` Inquiry Model Discover Learning Cooperative Learning Collaborative Learning Concept Models Discussion Models Laboratories Project-Based Learning Simulations ```

Question 30

Investigative process of learning here students pose questions, analyze data, develop conclusions/generalizations, classify, predict, and experiment

Answer 30

Inquiry Model

Question 31

Inquiry process where students pose questions and seek explanation

Answer 31

Discovery Learning

Question 32

Learning based on small groups where students are held accountable for individual and group achievement

Answer 32

Cooperative Learning

Question 33

Examples of Cooperative Learning

Answer 33

``` Pair-Share Jigsaw STAD Teams Games Tourneys ```

Question 34

Students work together to solve problems and examine a situation; brings many perspectives to a problem and develops problem solving and mediation skills

Answer 34

Collaborative Learning

Question 35

Allows educator to arrange a number of learning components to a map to be accomplished

Answer 35

Concept Models

Question 36

Cooperative learning grouping in which students meet together for small group discussions among themselves

Answer 36

Discussion Models

Question 37

Requirements for Discussion Model

Answer 37

``` Small number of students (6-8) Recognition of problem Introduction, exchange, evaluation of ideas and info Movement towards a goal Verbal Interaction ```

Question 38

Students select a project they work on and learning occurs centered around the project

Answer 38

Project-Based learning

Question 39

Pretend setting or situation that parallels real-world setting or situation and allows students to practice problem-solving

Answer 39

Simulations

Question 40

Resources teachers should consider incorporating to enhance lessons

Answer 40

``` Computer/Internet Resources Primary Documents Libraries Audio-Visual Tech Local Experts Field Trips Service Learning ```

Question 41

Techniques for bridging between curriculum and student experience

Answer 41

``` Modeling Activating Students' Prior Knowledge Anticipating preconceptions Encouraging exploration and problem-solving Guided practice Building new skills on previous ones HW ```

Question 42

Techniques for planning instruction to meet curriculum goals

Answer 42

``` National/State Standards State/Local Curriculum Guides Units and Lessons Learner Objectives/Outcomes State/Local Curriculum Frameworks Scope and sequence in specific disciplines Behavioral objectives Backward Design ```