Playhelminthes Flashcards
Which of the following statement is correct regarding about the class of turbellaria? A) Being infected with one is extremely severe and the prognosis will be a week at best B.) Free living organism C.) Only will ever find in a host, very host dependant D.) An extinct species
B
Is class monogenea, an endo or ecto-parasite? What species does it typically occupy?
Ectoparasite of fish
How do monogenea parasites normally reproduce?
They are haemophrodites. They produce sperm and eggs and fertilise themselves
What features are located on the posterior and the inferior end of the mongenea parasite?
Anterior end- prohaptor Posterior end- haptor (or opistohaptor)
Are trematodes internal or external parasites?
Internal parasites
Describe the shape of a trematode:
Leaf shaped
Where is the sucker located on a trematode
Located on the ventral surface
Do dignea replicate sexually or asexually?
Alternate between sexual and asexual reproduction phases
True/False Statement:
Dignea are very reliant on water for reproduction.
True
What is the first intermediate host of Dignea always going to be?
First intermediate host of Dignea will always be a mollusc
Describe the general lifecycle of Dignea:
General life cycle:
- Eggs go from definitive host to the water
- Hatches free swimming larvae miracidium
- Transforms into a sporocyst
- Sporocyst undergoes asexual reproduction to become a Rediae
- Rediae undergoes asexual reproduction to forma cercaria
- Cercariae emerges from the snail
- Develop in metacercariae
Metacercariae develop into adults when eaten by the definitive host
Below is the egg from a parasite:
A) Name the parasite that this came from
B) Name a feature that allowed for this diagnosis
Fasciola Hepatica
Presence of a terminal operculum ( lower right hand corner)
What is the host site of Fasciola Hepatica? (specific place of specific organ)
Liver (specifically within the bile ducts of the mammals)
What is the prepatent period of Fasciolidae heptatica?
6-12 weeks
What site do the paramphistomones usually occupy?
Usually occupy the rumen
Describe the appearance of the Dicrocoelium Dendriticum fluke:
Thin translucent fluke
What feature of Dicrocoelium Dendriticum is unique to that specific parasite?
Cercaria is ingested by the ant where it then becomes metacercaria, changing behaviour of the ant so it becomes ingested by the definitive host
Describe the appearance of the Paragonimus Westermani parasite:
Medium sized with a thick body covering of spins
Below is an image of an egg from the Paragonimus Westermani parasite:
A.) State the species
B) Name a feature that allowed for this diagnoses
A.) Paragonimus Westermani
B.) Distinct operculum
Describe the variations involved in the paragonias Westermini life cycle from the classcial digneian lifecycle:
Ingested by a mollusc first where it goes from sporocyst to redidae to cercariae. It is then ingested by a crustacean where it will go from cercariae to metacercariae.
What site does paragonius Westermani normally occupy? and what is its appearance (in the definitive host)
Pairs of adults often will form cysts within the lungs
Describe the appearance of the Clonorchis Sinensis fluke:
Slender, flat, translucent flukes
Below is an image of an egg:
A.) Name the species
B.) Name the characteristic that allowed you to determine this
A) Clonorchis Sinensis
B) The distinctive presence of shoulders
Name the difference in the life cycle of Clonorchis Sinensis when compared to the classic lifecycle of classic dignea:
Miracidea enters the snail. It then becomes a cercariae. Cercaria ingested by fish which then becomes metacercariae which is finally ingested by the human host.
Name the final host of Clonorchis Sinensis in the host:
Bile ducts or the pancreatic ducts
Name the parasites that are shown in the pictue below:
Schistosoma
What is a difference in the lifecycle of schistosoma when compared with other dignea?
Main difference is that the cercaria enter through the skin and travel through the blood to reach the lungs and then travels onto the liver.
What is a characteristic feature of the eggs of the family taeniidae?
Contain a characteristically hard shell
What is a the larval form of T.Solium and T.saginata?
cysticercus- fluid filled cyst with an invaginated scolex
What is the Echinococcus Granulosus larval stage?
Hexacanth
What is the larval stage of echinococcus multilocularis?
Hyatid
What is the apperance of family Anoplocephalidae?
No hooks/scolex
Proglottids wider than they are long
Describe the life cycle of Anoplocephalidae:
- Adult tapeworm is found within the hosts small intestine
- Eggs are passed out in the faeces
- Eggs are ingested by the intermediate host (the mite)
- A cysticercoid develops within the intermediate host
- Definitive host is infected when it consumest the mite
Name the family of the worm shown below:
Diphyliidae
What is the larval stage (metacestode) of Diphyliidae?
a cysticercoid in flea or louse
Describe the appearance of Diphylidiiae proglottids in the faeces:
has a barrel shaped appearance within the faeces
Describe the appearance of Diphylidiiae eggs:
Formed in packets 20-30
What is the appearance of the Family Hymenolepididae adult?
Conical rostellum with a single row of hooks or no-hooks
How many hosts are involved in the life cycle of Hymenolepis?
Two host life cycle involving a vertebrate direct host and an indirect invertebrate host.
Describe a unique feature of the family Diphyllobothriidae:
- Two elongate grooves (bothria) instead of suckers
How many hosts are involved in the lifecycle of Spirometra Erinaceieuropaei?
Minimum of three hosts
What is a characteristic of the phylum ANCANTHOCEPHALA?
thorny headed worms
Describe the eggs of Macracantharhynchus
Spindle shaoped eggs with three cell layers
