Play it safe: Manage security risks Flashcards
Assess
The fifth step of the NIST RMF that means to determine if established controls are implemented correctly
Authorize
The sixth step of the NIST RMF that refers to being accountable for the security and privacy risks that may exist in an organization
Business Continuity
An organization’s ability to maintain their everyday productivity by establishing risk disaster recovery plans
Categorize
The second step of the NIST RMF that is used to develop risk management processes and tasks
External Threat
Anything outside the organization that has the potential to harm organizational assets
Implement
The fourth step of the NIST RMF that means to implement security and privacy plans for an organization
Internal threat
A current or former employee, external vendor, or trusted partner who poses a security risk
Monitor
The seventh step of the NIST RMF that means be aware of how systems are operating
Prepare
The first step of the NIST RMF related to activities that are necessary to manage security and privacy risks before a breach occurs
Ransomware
A malicious attack where threat actors encrypt an organization’s data and demand payment to restore access
Risk
Anything that can impact the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of an asset
Risk Mitigation
The process of having the right procedures and rules in place to quickly reduce the impact of a risk like a breach
Security posture
An organization’s ability to manage its defense of critical assets and data and react to change
Select
The third step of the NIST RMF that means to choose, customize, and capture documentation of the controls that protect an organization
Shared responsibility
The idea that all individuals within an organization take an active role in lowering risk and maintaining both physical and virtual security
Social engineering
A manipulation technique that exploits human error to gain private information, access, or valuables
Vulnerability
A weakness that can be exploited by a threat
Asset
An item perceived as having value to an organization
Attack Vectors
The pathways attackers use to penetrate security defenses
Authentication
The process of verifying who someone is
Authorization
The concept of granting access to specific resources in a system
Availability
The idea that data is accessible to those who are authorized to access it
Biometrics
The unique physical characteristics that can be used to verify a person’s identity
Confidentiality
The idea that only authorized users can access specific assets or data
Confidentiality, integrity, availability (CIA) triad
A model that helps inform how organizations consider risk when setting up systems and security policies
Detect
A NIST core function related to identifying potential security incidents and improving monitoring capabilities to increase the speed and efficiency of detections
Encryption
The process of converting data from a readable format to an encoded format
Identify
A NIST core function related to management of cybersecurity risk and its effect on an organization’s people and assets
Integrity
The idea that the data is correct, authentic, and reliable
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework (CSF)
A voluntary framework that consists of standards, guidelines, and best practices to manage cybersecurity risk
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publication (S.P.) 800-53
A unified framework for protecting the security of information systems within the U.S. federal government
Open Web Application Security Project/Open Worldwide Application Security Project (OWASP)
A non-profit organization focused on improving software security
Protect
A NIST core function used to protect an organization through the implementation of policies, procedures, training, and tools that help mitigate cybersecurity threats
Recover
A NIST core function related to returning affected systems back to normal operation
Respond
A NIST core function related to making sure that the proper procedures are used to contain, neutralize, and analyze security incidents, and implement improvements to the security process
Risk
Anything that can impact the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of an asset
Security audit
A review of an organization’s security controls, policies, and procedures against a set of expectations
Security controls
Safeguards designed to reduce specific security risks
Security frameworks
Guidelines used for building plans to help mitigate risk and threats to data and privacy
Security posture
An organization’s ability to manage its defense of critical assets and data and react to change
Threat
Any circumstance or event that can negatively impact assets
Chronicle
A cloud-native tool designed to retain, analyze, and search data
Incident response
An organization’s quick attempt to identify an attack, contain the damage, and correct the effects of a security breach
Log
A record of events that occur within an organization’s systems
Metrics
Key technical attributes such as response time, availability, and failure rate, which are used to assess the performance of a software application
Operating system (OS)
The interface between computer hardware and the user
Playbook
A manual that provides details about any operational action
Security information and event management (SIEM)
An application that collects and analyzes log data to monitor critical activities in an organization
Security orchestration, automation, and response (SOAR)
A collection of applications, tools, and workflows that use automation to respond to security events
SIEM tools
A software platform that collects, analyzes, and correlates security data from various sources across your IT infrastructure that helps identify and respond to security threats in real-time, investigate security incidents, and comply with security regulations
Splunk Cloud
A cloud-hosted tool used to collect, search, and monitor log data
Splunk Enterprise
A self-hosted tool used to retain, analyze, and search an organization’s log data to provide security information and alerts in real-time
Incident response
An organization’s quick attempt to identify an attack, contain the damage, and correct the effects of a security breach
