Plate Tectonics vocabulary Flashcards
Crust
The outermost shell of a rocky planet.
Mantel
Layer or molten rock between the crust and core.
Core
Made up of mostly iron. separated into the outer core (molten) and inner core (solid)
Techtonic Plate
The layer or rock that makes up the outer part of the earth, including the crust and upper mantle(lithospheric plates)
Continental drift theory
The theory that the continents gradually drifted over time to their present positions
Asthenosphere
A thin layer of earth, about 150 miles thick, at the border between the mantle and the crust.
Convection current
The process in which the hotter parts of a gas or liquid rise to the top and the cooler, denser parts sink.
Convergent Boundary
when two tectonic plates come together.
Mountains
uplift of crustal plates that form elevated landmasses.
Volcanoes
A vent or fissure in earth’s surface through which magma and gasses are expelled.
Divergent Boundary
when tectonic plates split apart.
Transform boundaries
When tectonic plates slide past each other.
Fault
Breaks in the crust. The movement causes seismic waves which produces earthquakes.
Mid-ocean ridge
A long ridge of underwater volcanoes between two diverging oceanic plates
Subduction zone
A place where one tectonic plate sinks under another and melts. Also forms a trench.
