Plasticity and Simple Motor Learning Flashcards
What does delay eye blink conditioning involve?
pairing a conditioned stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus which naturally causes an unconditioned response
Describe eye blink conditioning before and after training
- before - the US causes the UR and the CS causes no response
- after - the CS causes the CR before the US is delivered
What does eye blink conditioning involve?
repeatedly pairing the CS with the US and over time, the subject learns to associate the two stimuli
What are the 3 key features of delay eye blink conditioning?
- time (CS is presented first and remains on until the US is presented)
- learning the association
- role of the cerebellum
What are the 3 phases of delay eye blink conditioning?
- acquisition – subject learns to associate a CS with a US; over time, the CS alone evokes a CR (anticipatory eyeblink before the US is presented)
- extinction – CS is presented without the US; over time, the subject learns that the CS is no longer predictive of the US and the CR decreases in magnitude and frequency, which represents the subject’s unlearning or inhibition of the previously learned association (eventually no blinking is seen in response to CS as the association is weakened/suppressed)
- reacquisition – CS is once again paired with US and the subject begins to relearn the association between the two; typically happens more quickly than the initial acquisition since the subject has a memory of the previous learning
What does the rapid relearning in reacquisition indicate?
the initial association wasn’t entirely erased but was inhibited or suppressed during extinction
What cells does the cerebellar cortex contain?
Purkinje, granule and stellate cells
What are Purkinje cells?
inhibitory neurons with their cell bodies in the cerebellar cortex
What does each Purkinje cell receive?
monosynaptic excitatory input from a single climbing fibre and 100,000 granule cells via parallel fibres
What does each granule cell receive?
excitatory input from ~4 mossy fibres
What does climbing fibre stimulation evoke?
complex spikes in Purkinje cells which help with motor learning and correcting errors during movement
What does mossy fibre stimulation evoke?
simple spikes which help with ongoing motor control and fine-tuning
What is the role of the cerebellum in delayed eye blink conditioning?
it integrates sensory information from the CS and US, leading to the CR after training
What does LTD do at the granule-Purkinje synapse?
weaken the inhibition on the deep cerebellar nuclei, which facilitates the condition of the CR
When does LTD occur at the granule-Purkinje synapse?
when the granule cells and climbing fibres fire together