Plasma Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

Protein comes from the Greek word

A

proteios, meaning “first ranked of importance”.

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2
Q

Proteins are synthesized in the liver and secreted by the hepatocytes into the circulation, except

A

immunoglobulins

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3
Q

immunoglobulins are from what type of cells

A

plasma cells

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4
Q

amino acids are linked to another via a

A

peptide bond

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5
Q

is formed when the carboxyl (-COOH) group of one amino acid links to the amino
(NH2) group of another amino acid with the loss of a water molecule.

A

Peptide bond

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6
Q

End of protein structure with a free amino group.

A

N-terminal

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7
Q

End of protein structure with a free carboxyl group.

A

C-terminal

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8
Q

Proteins consists of –% nitrogen, which differentiates proteins from
carbohydrates and lipids

A

16%

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9
Q

It is the linear sequence of the amino acids

A

primary structure

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10
Q

It involves the winding of the polypeptide chain.

A

secondary structure

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11
Q

It is the actual three-dimensional configuration; the
folding pattern of proteins.

A

tertiary structure

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12
Q

It is the actual three-dimensional configuration; the
folding pattern of proteins.

A

Quaternary Structure

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13
Q

protein that has no quarternary structure

A

albumin, it is a single polypeptide chain

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14
Q

They contain peptide chains which on hydrolysis yield only amino acids

A

Simple Proteins

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15
Q

Composed of protein (apoprotein) and nonprotein (prosthetic group) components

A

Conjugated Proteins

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16
Q

Protein with 10 – 40% carbohydrates attached (e.g., haptoglobin)

A

Glycoproteins

17
Q

Protein with >40% carbohydrates attached

A

Mucoproteins

18
Q

It is a balance between anabolism (synthesis) and catabolism (breakdown)

A

NITROGEN BALANCE

19
Q

It is when a protein catabolism exceeds anabolism

A

Negative Nitrogen Balance

20
Q

It is when anabolism is greater than catabolism.

A

Positive Nitrogen Balance

21
Q

It is characterized by excessive tissue destruction seen in burns, wasting
disease, high fever, and starvation

A

Negative Nitrogen Balance

22
Q

Indicator of malnutrition

A

prealbumin/transthyretin

23
Q

prealbumin/transthyretin in poor nutrition

24
Q

major contributor to oncotic pressure

25
albumin level in dehydration
increased
26
albumin is a sensitive and highly prognostic marker in cases of..
cystic fibrosis
27
major immunoglobulin in serum
IgG
28
first immunoglobulin made by fetus
IgM
29
only immunoglobulin that crosses the placenta
IgG
30
major immunoglobulin found in secretions
IgA
31
found in B cell surface and serves as receptor for antigen
IgD
32
least common serum immunoglobulin
IgE
33
involves in allergic reactions cause it binds to basophils and mast cells
IgE
34
3rd most abundant immunoglobulin
IgM
35
burnt sugar odor to urine, breath, skin
maple syrup urine disease
36
sweaty feet odor of urine and skin
isovaleric
37
urine has cabbage odor
tyrosemia