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2nd lecture exam > Plasma Membrane Transport > Flashcards

Plasma Membrane Transport Flashcards

1
Q

How much water exists inside our cells?

A

60-80 percent

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2
Q

where is interstitial fluid?

A

directly outside the cell

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3
Q

what is the fluid in blood vessels?

A

plasma

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4
Q

what fluid bathes all tissues and cells?

A

interstitial fluid

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5
Q

what does selectively permeable mean?

A

only certain things shall pass?

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6
Q

in terms of transport, NATURE does the work refers to?

A

passive transport

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7
Q

in terms of transport, cell must use ENERGY refers to?

A

active transport

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8
Q

what are the two forms of passive transport?

A

simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion

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9
Q

simple diffusion means ____________ to ____________?

A

high to low

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10
Q

facilitated diffusion means ___________ is _________?

A

energy, spent helping

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11
Q

active transport normally uses what for energy?

A

ATP

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12
Q

making something go OPPOSITE where it wants to go occurs during?

A

active transport

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13
Q

movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration until equal is?

A

diffusion

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14
Q

the difference in concentration between high and low areas is?

A

a concentration gradient

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15
Q

larger gradient is _____________?

A

larger driving force

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16
Q

faster in terms of concentration gradient means ____________ or _____________?

A

higher temperature or smaller particles

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17
Q

non polar molecules can ___________ pass through the cell membrane because of ___________?

A

easily, hydrophobic middle

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18
Q

simple diffusion happens across ___________- and needs ____________?

A

cell membrane, needs no help

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19
Q

oxygen, carbon dioxide and urea are all _______?

A

non polar molecules

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20
Q

small fats and steroids are examples of?

A

fat soluble molecules

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21
Q

fat soluble molecules can ____________?

A

easily diffuse into cell membrane

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22
Q

the movement of a solvent from an area of low solute (High free solvent) concentration to an area of High solute (Low free solvent) concentration is called?

A

Osmosis

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23
Q

solvent + Solute =

A

Solution

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24
Q

moles divided by liter =

A

Molar or Molarity

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25
Q

1 mole of H =

A

1 gram H

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26
Q

1 mole of C =

A

12 grams of C

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27
Q

1 mole of NaCl =

A

58 grams of NaCl

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28
Q

1 mole of C6H1206 =

A

180 grams of C6H1206

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29
Q

mole is ___________?

A

grams of substance, MOL. WT. substance

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30
Q

180 g glucose divided by 1 liter of water =

A

1 mole glocuse/water = 1 Molar glucose

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31
Q

measure of concentration of particles in a solution is?

A

osmolarity

32
Q

osmo in = osmo out creates NO net movement making the conditions?

A

isotonic

33
Q

osmo in > osmo out moves water IN making?

A

the INSIDE hypertonic

34
Q

osmo in < osmo out moves water OUT making?

A

the INSIDE hypotonic

35
Q

the driving force generated by the concentration gradient aka difference is?

A

osmotic pressure

36
Q

the larger the difference in concentrations between the inside and outside equals?

A

the larger the osmotic pressure or driving force is larger

37
Q

the force of fluid on itself is?

A

hydrostatic pressure

38
Q

the pressure of cell wall in plant cells that balances the osmotic pressure, preventing more water from entering the cell is an example of

A

hydrostatic pressure

39
Q

observable implications of osmosis are?

A

crenation and lyse

40
Q

water moving out of a cell and cell shrinkage is?

A

crenation

41
Q

water rushing into cell and cell bursting is?

A

lyse

42
Q

what are the three clinical implications of osmosis?

A

IV isotonic, IV hypertonic, IV hypotonic

43
Q

ringers requires what kind of IV

A

Isotonic (0.9 NaCl, 5% glucose)

44
Q

edema requires what kind of IV

A

hypertonic for excess water

45
Q

dehdration requires what kind of IV

A

hypotonic

46
Q

hydrostatic pressure >osmotic pressure is?

A

filtration

47
Q

water moves from higher osmo to?

A

lower osmo

48
Q

see saw protein carries across or channels allowing passage (goes with the concentration gradient so its still passive is)?

A

facilitated diffusion

49
Q

what changes shape, open outside to open inside for passage?

A

carrier proteins

50
Q

carrier proteins are _________ in terms of the molecules it transports

A

very specific

51
Q

what is the typical carrier protein?

A

glucose carrier

52
Q

passage of charged and polar molecules that can be open and closed on command are?

A

protein channels

53
Q

channels for protein are very specific and includes with 3?

A

Na+, K+, Ca++

54
Q

protein channels are most typically used for?

A

passage of ions

55
Q

transportation of solutes against a concentration gradient (against diffusion) is?

A

active transport

56
Q

Na+, K+, Ca++, and amino acids are common for?

A

solute pumps

57
Q

pumps designated for one specific particle are known as?

A

uniport

58
Q

pumps that transport two particles together are?

A

coupled system ex, sodium potassium pump

59
Q

pumps that send particles in same direction are?

A

symport

60
Q

pumps that send particles in opposite directions are?

A

antiport ex, sodium potassium pump

61
Q

whats does the Na+-k+ATPase pump create?

A

creates an ion concentration gradient for cell (sodium outside is high potassium inside is high)

62
Q

what energy source does Na+-k+ATPase pump use?

A

ATP

63
Q

how does Na+-k+ATPase pump create a concentration gradient?

A

pumps 3 Na+ out of cell and pumps 2 K+ inside cell.

64
Q

Na+ wants to move into cell and K+ wants to move out as a result of ?

A

Na+-k+ATPase pump

65
Q

what is the cell membrane pouching process?

A

bulk transport, moving alot of material at once

66
Q

when a cell vesicle moves toward the cell membrane with contents, merges, then release material, we have an example of?

A

exocytosis

67
Q

hormone/neuro transmitter release, mucus secretion, expulsion of extracellular proteins all happen with?

A

exocytosis

68
Q

engulfment by cell membrane pouch with then buds off into cytoplasm is?

A

endocytosis

69
Q

how many different ways is endocytosis facilitated and what are they?

A

3, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor mediated endocytosis

70
Q

eat cell process (membrane wraps around large mass) is another name for?

A

phagocytosis

71
Q

which cells use phagocytosis?

A

immune cells

72
Q

phagosome - lysosome is?

A

digestive enzymes

73
Q

immune cells that engulf are?

A

macrophages

74
Q

the drink cell process is?

A

pinocytosis

75
Q

receptors on the cell surface binding to desired molecule before engulfment is?

A

receptor mediated endocytosis

76
Q

insulin, Low density lipoproteins (LDL) and Fe++ can be ligands for?

A

receptors in receptor mediated endocytosis

2nd lecture exam (5 decks)

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