Plasma Membrane

Question 1

Phospholipid

Answer 1

Made up of glycerol molecule, two fatty acid chains and phosphate group

Question 2

Hydrophilic

Answer 2

Attracted to water (head)

Question 3

Hydrophobic

Answer 3

Not attracted to water (tail)

Question 4

Cholesterol

Answer 4

Keeps membrane stable when temperature changes

Question 5

Integral proteins

Answer 5

Transports substances across the membrane

Question 6

Channel proteins

Answer 6

Narrow hydrophilic pores, substances diffuse through rapidly

Question 7

Carrier proteins

Answer 7

Change shape as they assist transport of a substance, shape restored after transport

Question 8

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 8

When diffusion of ions, water soluble or large molecules is aided by specific transport protein

Question 9

Passive

Answer 9

Not requiring energy

Question 10

Active

Answer 10

Requiring energy

Question 11

Diffusion

Answer 11

Passive movement of a molecule from a region of high concentration to low concentration

Question 12

Concentration gradient

Answer 12

Difference in concentration between two regions

Question 13

Simple diffusion

Answer 13

Occurs through phospholipids of the membrane bilayer

Question 14

Equilibirum

Answer 14

When net concentrations of a molecule on each side of the membrane is equal

Question 15

Osmosis

Answer 15

Passive net movement of water across a differentially permeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to one of higher solute concentration

Question 16

Aquaporins

Answer 16

Membrane proteins that transports water

Question 17

Isotonic

Answer 17

When extracellular fluid has the same concentration of solutes as intracellular fluid, no net movement

Question 18

Hypotonic

Answer 18

When extracellular environment has a lower solute concentration than the cell, water enters cell

Question 19

Hypertonic

Answer 19

When extracellular environment has a higher solute concentration than the cell, water leaves the cell

Question 20

Flaccid

Answer 20

When a plant cell is in a hypertonic solution, it becomes flaccid

Question 21

Turgid

Answer 21

When a plant cell is in a hypotonic solution, it becomes turgid

Question 22

Plasmolysis

Answer 22

When plasma membrane shrinks away from cell wall once too much water has been lost

Question 23

Active tranport

Answer 23

Required when substances move against their concentration gradient, requires ATP

Question 24

Pumps

Answer 24

Transport proteins that perform active transport