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PATIENT CARE III EXAM 2 > plaque control and oral hygiene aids > Flashcards

plaque control and oral hygiene aids Flashcards

1
Q

plaque control =

A

disease control

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2
Q

plaque - primary agent in development of:

A

dental caries and periodontal disease

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3
Q

plaque control leads to

A
  1. resolution of gingival inflammation in the early stages
  2. reduction of calc formation
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4
Q

oral health can neither be attained or preserved without

A

plaque control

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5
Q

home care instructions

A
  1. need to be effective/personalized
  2. be none-traumatic when cleaning the teeth
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6
Q

plaque control depends on YOU:

A
  1. educate the patient
  2. show patient disease in his/her own mouth
    -bleeding points
    -periodontal probing
    -red, bleeding gums
  3. utilize disclosing agent
    -educational tool
    -motivational tool
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7
Q

consider the following with home care instructions:

A
  • Areas of plaque accumulation
    -interproximal, buccal, lingual, occlusal
  • Restorative dentistry
    -Crowns, bridges, overhangs, etc.
  • Anatomical features
    -Embrasure spaces, furcation involvement, etc.
  • Patient’s dexterity
  • Patient’s motivation
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8
Q

toothbrushes most important features

A
  1. able to reach all areas to be cleaned
  2. size of head is appropriate for patient
  3. no tissue trauma
    (bristles softer is better)
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9
Q

toothbrush replacement

A

average life 3 months
-signs of bristles splaying
-consider replacing after illness

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10
Q

patient’s over or under estimate the time they brush

A

over-estimate

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11
Q

toothbrushing techniques

A
  1. bass (modified)
    -rolling
    -stillman
    -charters
  2. fones (circular)
    -leonard
    -horizontal
    -smith-modified
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12
Q

-Angle bristles toward gingival
margin (approximately 45o angle) (angle towards gingival)

A

bass (modified)

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13
Q

bass modified steps

A
  1. gently press bristles to enter sulcus and or embrasures
    -subgingival cleansing, gingival stimulation
  2. vibrates brush (or use small strokes) without disengaging bristles
  3. roll the instrument toward the incisal/occlual
  4. replace and repeat on next 2 or 3 teeth
  5. turn brush lengthwise
  6. place heel of brush along gingival margin
  7. Vibrate to dislodge plaque
  8. ‘Roll’ the toothbrush to
    cleanse the lingual surface
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14
Q
  • 90 Degrees to tooth
  • Larger circles over teeth and gingiva
  • Easy for children to pick up
  • Option for those with limited dexterity
A

fone’s circular

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15
Q

improper toothbrushing

A
  • Hard toothbrush
  • Horizontal scrubbing
  • Excessive pressure
  • Toothpaste too abrasive
  • Gingival recession
  • Cervical abrasion
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16
Q
  • Laboratory evidence of electrical safety
  • Clinical evidence of hard/soft tissue safety under
    unsupervised conditions
  • Clinical evidence of plaque and gingivitis efficacy
    when compared to other ADA accepted toothbrush
  • Evidence of proper labeling and advertising claims
A

ada guidelines for acceptance of powered toothbrushes

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17
Q

mechanical action of brush

A
  • Uses the motion of the bristles to
    remove plaque and debris
  • Rotation oscillation
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18
Q

emits soundwaves in addition to the movement of the brush filaments

A

sonic action of toothbrush

19
Q

The evidence produced shows benefits in using a powered toothbrush when
compared with a manual toothbrush

A
  1. 11% reduction in plaque at 1-3 months
  2. 21% reduction in plaque after 3 months
  3. 6% reduction in gingivitis at 1-3 months
  4. 11% reduction in gingivitis after 3 months
20
Q

choose interproximal aid based on

A
  • Size of interdental spaces
  • Presence of furcation(s)
  • Ortho or fixed appliance
  • Tooth alignment
21
Q

The purpose of flossing is to

A

remove interproximal plaque, not to dislodge food wedged between the teeth

22
Q

Embrasure: II and III
Fixed bridge
Ortho appliances
Implant prosthesis

A

super floss

23
Q

covers more surface area
stiff end
easier to insert

A

super floss

24
Q

embrasure I
easy to insert into embrasure

A

unwaxed round floss

25
Q

embrasure I around rough tooth surfaces and restorations

A

waxed dental floss

26
Q

Embrasure: II and III
Loose contact
Large surface area

A

waxed dental tape

27
Q

The ‘spool’ method may be
easier for someone

A

with less dexterity

28
Q

how to floss

A
  • Tear off an adequate amount of dental floss
  • Wrap floss around middle fingers
  • Floss is maneuvered between thumb and index finger

The floss is moved back and forth until
it is through/broken the contact
(See-saw motion)

29
Q

(do/don’t) pop the floss

A

DONT

30
Q

adapt floss to each interproximal surface by making

A

C shape
floss should be placed into sulcus area

31
Q

Once the floss is below the contact area
and wrapped around the tooth, it should
be moved

A

“up and down” against the
tooth

32
Q

floss holders recommended for patient’s with

A
  • Physical disabilities
  • Poor manual dexterity
  • Limited mouth opening
  • Large hands
  • Sensitive gag reflex
  • Difficulty with manual flossing
33
Q
  • Plastic toothpick on one end, floss on
    the other
  • Disadvantage: floss cannot be
    changed as it gets used
A

floss swords/daily flossers

34
Q
  • Floss is threaded through loop
  • Used to carry floss interproximally
  • Ideal for:
  • abutment teeth
  • beneath pontics
  • ortho appliances
  • teeth that are splinted together
  • tight contact
A

floss threaders

35
Q

Ideal for plaque removal under
pontics and ortho appliances

A

super floss

36
Q

Used for:
* large embrasures
* teeth with concavities
* around fixed appliances
* ortho appliances
* Furcations ( Class III, IV)

A

interdental brushes (proxybrush)

37
Q
  • Soft, flexible bristles
  • Tapered to work around appliances
  • Easy to use for patients who find flossing cumbersome
  • Latex free
A

soft picks

38
Q

Useful for difficult to reach places:
* around ortho appliances
* around pontic(s)
* lingual of crowded lower anterior teeth
* distal of most posterior teeth
* wide embrasure spaces
* exposed furcation(s)

A

end-tuft toothbrush

39
Q
  • Primary use is for gingival massage
  • Limited use for removing plaque from:
  • exposed furcation(s)
  • along gingival margins
  • open embrasures
A

rubber-tipped stimulator

40
Q
  • Trace along gingival margins to remove plaque in sulcus/pockets
  • May be used along:
  • crown margins
  • accessible furcations
  • concave proximal surfaces
  • orthodontic appliances
A

toothpick holders
(perio-aid; D-plak-R)

41
Q
  • Can result in disruption of loosely attached or
    unattached supra/subgingival plaque
  • Irrigation not indicated for pts who have
    effective HC or no inflammation
  • Irrigation alone is ineffective in reducing
    inflammation
  • Best benefit is seen when irrigation is
    combined with toothbrushing
  • Pts with ortho appliances, bridges, or
    implants
A

oral irrigators

42
Q

AAP confirms supragingival irrigation with _____:

A

chlorhexidine CHZ vs water

-slight clinical and microbial improvements noted in gingivitis patients only

use device syringe to distribute CHX

43
Q

preventive philosophy

A
  1. must be promoted by all staff members, but your role is most significant
  2. treat your patients as individuals
  3. provide accurate information
  4. reinforce; don’t assume your patient understood everything

PATIENT CARE III EXAM 2 (10 decks)

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