dentifrice

Question 1

7 components of dentifrice

Answer 1

1. fluoride
2. abrasive
3. humectant
4. binder
5. surfactant
6. flavoring agent
7. sweetenders

Question 2

abrasive agents

Answer 2

silicas
carbonates
phosphates

Question 3

polishing agents

Answer 3

aluminum
calcium
tin

Question 4

humectants

Answer 4

sorbitol
manitol
glycerin
propylene glycol

Question 5

maintain moisture
prevent evaporation/hardening
increase shelf life

Answer 5

humectants

Question 6

recommend toothpaste (with/without) fluoride

Answer 6

with

Question 7

binders

Answer 7

natural gums: seaweed extracts
synthetic: cellulose

Question 8

thickening agent
stabilizes (prevents solids from settling out)

Answer 8

binders

Question 9

main reason why patients purchase

Answer 9

flavor needs to be pleasant immediate long lasting

Question 10

sweetening agents non-cariogenic sweeteners

agents that serve as humectants

Answer 10

*sorbitol
*mannitol
*glycerin

Question 11

surfactant (foaming agent)
detergent:

Answer 11

1. stable/compatible
2. some antibacterial properties
3. flavor easy to mask
4. low surface tension
5. most common is SLS (sodium lauryl sulfate) (common thing happening are patients tissues are sloathing)
6. products available without SLS

Question 12

categoies of toothpaste,
therapeutic options:
others:

Answer 12

therapeutic options: anti-caries, anti-gingivitis, anti-hypersensitivity
others: baking soda, hydroxyaptite, anti-calculus, whitening, natural

Question 13

all ada accepted toothpastes contain

Answer 13

fluoride

and NO SUGAR

Question 14

therapeutic anti-caries toothpaste,

fluoride:

Answer 14

1. sodium fluoride NaD- 0.22% at 1,000ppm
2. sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP)- 0.76% at 1,000ppm
3. stannous fluoride (SnF2)- 0.4% at 1,000ppm

Question 15

**most OTC toothpastes are ____ppm

Answer 15

1,000

Question 16

therapeutic anti-gingivitis fluoride:

Answer 16

stannous fluoride

Question 17

stannous fluoride reported activity against:

Answer 17

1. caries
2. plaque-antimicrobial
3. gingivitis- gingival bleeding
4. calculus control
5. sensitivity

Question 18

therapeutic anti-hypersensitivity ingredients:

Answer 18

1. potassium nitrate
2. stannous fluoride

Question 19

penetrates through the length of dentinal tubules (depolarizes sensory nerve endings)

Answer 19

potassium nitrate in anti-hypersens therapeutic toothpaste

Question 20

blocking of exposed dentinal tubules

Answer 20

stannous fluoride

Question 21

baking soda toothpastes contain

Answer 21

1. sodium bicarbonate
2. silicate
3. fluoride
   are no more effective than regular toothpaste

Question 22

toothpaste with hydroxyapatite

Answer 22

1. newer ingredient
2. lab generated
   3 non-toxic
3. biocompatible
4. may be used in conjunction with fluoride
5. often paired with xylitol

Question 23

tartar control toothpaste

Answer 23

anti-calculus dentifrices

Question 24

anti-calculus dentifrices use this to interrupt process of mineralization

Answer 24

soluble pyrophosphates
(crystalline growth inhibitors)

Question 25

whitening toothpastes control stain via:

Answer 25

1. physical methods
   -abrasives: hydrated silica, titanium dioxide, activated charcoal
2. chemical mechanisms
   -surface active agents or bleaching/oxidizing agents:
   hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide