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Plants and animals > Plants and animals > Flashcards

Plants and animals Flashcards

Multicellular organisms contain systems of organs that carry out specialised functions that enable them to survive and reproduce

1
Q

cell division

A

Reproduction of cells by dividing parent cells into two

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2
Q

chlorophyll

A

The green chemical inside the chloroplasts of plant cells. It enables photosynthesis
to take place

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3
Q

chloroplast

A

An organelle found in plant cells and some unicellular organisms where
photosynthesis takes place.

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4
Q

multicellular

A

An organism made up of many cells.

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5
Q

nutrient

A

A substance a living thing needs to survive and grow

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6
Q

organs

A

The largest part of an organism, composed of tissues that perform similar functions.

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7
Q

organism

A

A living thing that can grow and reproduce.

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8
Q

photosynthesis

A

The process that converts carbon dioxide, water into energy with the help of light into
glucose in the leaf, oxygen is a waste product in this reaction.

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9
Q

reproduction

A

making offspring.

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10
Q

respiration

A

The chemical process that takes place inside every cell to release energy. Glucose
reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.

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11
Q

stomata

A

Tiny holes in the epidermis (skin) of a leaf - usually on the undersides of leaves.
They control water loss and gas exchange by opening and closing. Singular is
stoma.

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12
Q

system

A

A group of related organs or parts and that have a specific role in the body

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13
Q

tissue

A

A group of similar cells in an organism that work together, such as the outer surface
of leaves in a plant.

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14
Q

Digestive systems

A

ingests, digests and absorbs food.

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15
Q

Excretory systems

A

releases metabolic wastes by an
organism.

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16
Q

Skeletal system

A

A system of hard and rigid supporting or protective framework of living organisms

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17
Q

Muscular system

A

skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles.

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18
Q

Respiratory system

A

takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide.

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19
Q

all living things are made of one or more ———-

A

cells

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20
Q

what do Cells require in order to live and carry out the processes of life

A

Gases
Sugars
Water

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21
Q

define what photosynthesis is

A

It converts carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and water from the soil into glucose (sugar).

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22
Q

The cells in multicellular organisms are organised in a complex ——— that allows them to meet the needs of all their cells efficiently, while also allowing them to be much larger than unicellular organisms.

A

heirachy

23
Q

The cell is the fundamental unit of structure and ——- in all living organisms.

A

function

24
Q

all ——— things are made up of one or more cells.

A

living

25
Q

All living cells come from —-existing cells through cell division.

A

pre-

26
Q

When cell division occurs in multicellular organisms we call it ——-.

A

mitosis

27
Q

Mitosis is an essential process for multicellular life as it is used some important functions:

A

growth
repair
reproduction

28
Q

————- grow by creating new cells through cell division in order to become larger and create new structures.

A

organisms

29
Q

Organisms can ——- damage to their tissue by creating new cells to replace the damaged ones

A

repair

30
Q

Organisms use s special form of cell division known as ——– in order to create sex cells in their sex organs, like sperm and eggs.

A

meiosis

31
Q

When a male and ——– sex cell is combined, a new organism can grow from the fertilised egg cell.

A

female

32
Q

The process of maintaining ——- in the body is called Homeostasis.

A

balance

33
Q

The human body can be viewed as a collection of —– ——–, each with a specific role in keeping the person alive.

A

organ systems

34
Q

list the organ systems

A

digestive
excretory
muscular
reproductive
circulatory muscular reproductive

35
Q

Conditions in the body must be kept in balance, including keeping gas and water concentrations constant and removing waste products from the —-.

A

body

36
Q

The circulatory, respiratory and excretory systems are excellent examples of systems that maintain ——- in the body.

A

balance

37
Q

The ability of the body or a cell to seek and maintain a condition of equilibrium or stability within its internal environment when dealing with external ——–.

A

changes

38
Q

The Circulatory System

A

Removes carbon dioxide (CO2) from cells as they produce it.
Gives oxygen (O2) to cells as they use it.
Carries water and nutrients to cells.
Carries waste products and toxins away from cells.

39
Q

Most of the process that occur in the body are the result of 2 or more —- systems working together to achieve a common goal, such as the Musculo-skeletal system, the cardio-respiratory system.

A

body

40
Q

Bones
What they can do

A

Bones provide a frame for the body and consist of many moveable joints that act like hinges

41
Q

bones
What they can’t do

A

They cannot move by themselves

42
Q

Muscles
What they can do

A

Muscles are able to contract and relax

43
Q

Muscles
What they can’t do

A

They cannot move the body unless they are attached to something

44
Q

how bones and muscles work to together.

A

The skeleton provides moveable framework for the muscles to pull on, creating movement in the body

45
Q

Circulatory System
What they can do

A

Carry blood to and from all of the cells in the body

46
Q

Circulatory System
What they can’t do

A

Obtain oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

47
Q

Respiratory System
What they can do

A

Exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen

48
Q

Respiratory System
What they can’t do

A

Deliver oxygen to cells and remove carbon dioxide from them

49
Q

how do the circulatory and the repiratory systems work together

A

The respiratory system provides a point of exchange for unwanted carbon dioxide and required oxygen. The circulatory system acts as transport between cells in the body and the lungs

50
Q

The —- is the main site of photosynthesis.

A

leaf

51
Q

The ——- are special cells known as “guard cells” that allow oxygen to leave the leaf and carbon dioxide to enter.

A

stomata

52
Q

The —— ———- cells are arranged with lots of space for air to be held.

A

spongy mesophyll

53
Q

The ——– ——— cells are full of chloroplasts which carry out ————– using ——–, — from the air and —– from the roots of the plant to create ——-.

A

palisade mesophyll, photosynthesis, sunlight, Co2, water, glucose.

54
Q

When a new organism grows through the process of ———–, cells become specialised through the process of cellular differentiation.

A

mitosis

Plants and animals (4 decks)

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