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Life Science > Plants > Flashcards

Plants Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Chlorophyll

A

A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants

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2
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Food-making process

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3
Q

Tissues

A

Groups of similar cells that perform a specific function in an organism

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4
Q

Chloroplast

A

Structures which food is made

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5
Q

Vacuole

A

A large storage sac that can expand and shrink

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6
Q

Cuticle

A

Waxy, waterproof layer that helps a plant reduce water loss

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7
Q

Vascular tissue

A

A system of tubelike structures inside a plant through which water, minerals, and food move.

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8
Q

Nonvascular plants

A

Low-growing, have thin cell walls, do not have roots for absorbing water from the ground

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9
Q

rhizoids

A

Anchor the moss and absorb water and nutrients

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10
Q

Vascular plants

A

Plants with true vascular tissue

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11
Q

Phloem

A

The vascular tissue through which food moves

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12
Q

Xylem

A

A vascular tissue that water and minerals go through

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13
Q

Fronds

A

Fern’s leaves

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14
Q

Pollen

A

Tiny structures that contain the cells that will later be sperm cells

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15
Q

Seed

A

Contain a young plant

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16
Q

Gymnosperm

A

A seed plant that produces naked seeds

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17
Q

Angiosperm

A

Flowering plants

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18
Q

Cotyledon

A

Seed leaf

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19
Q

Monocot

A

Angiosperms with only one leaf

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20
Q

Dicots

A

Produce seeds with two seed leaves

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21
Q

Root cap

A

Protects the root from injury as the root grows through the soil

22
Q

Cambium

A

Cells that divide to produce new phloem and xylem

23
Q

Stomata

A

Surface layers of the leaf that have small openings, pores

24
Q

Transpiration

A

The process which water evaporates from a plants leaves

25
Q

Embryo

A

Fertilized egg

26
Q

Germination

A

When the embryo begins to grow again and pushes out the seed

27
Q

Flower

A

The reproductive structure of an angiosperm

28
Q

Pollination

A

The transfer of pollen from male to female reproductive structures

29
Q

Sepals

A

Protect developing flower

30
Q

Stamens

A

Male reproductive parts

31
Q

Pistils

A

Female reproductive parts

32
Q

Ovary

A

Protects developing seeds

33
Q

Sporophyte

A

Plant produces spores

34
Q

Gametophyte

A

Plant produces two kinds of sex cells

35
Q

Annuals

A

Flowering plants that complete a life cycle within one growing season

36
Q

Biennials

A

Angiosperms that complete their life cycle in two years

37
Q

Perennials

A

Flowering plants that live for more than two years

38
Q

Fertilization

A

Occurs when a sperm cell unites with an egg cell

39
Q

Cone

A

Reproductive structures in gymnosperm

40
Q

Ovule

A

A structure that contains an egg cell

41
Q

Fruit

A

The ripened ovary and other structures that enclose one or more seeds

42
Q

Tropism

A

A plant’s growth response toward or away from a stimulus

43
Q

Hormone

A

A chemical that affects how the plant grows and develops

44
Q

Auxin

A

A plant hormone that speeds up the rate at which a plant grows and controls its response to light

45
Q

Photoperiodism

A

A plants response to seasonal changes in the length of night and day

46
Q

Critical night length

A

The number of hours of darkness that determines whether or not a plant will flower

47
Q

Short-day plants

A

Flower when the nights are longer than a critical length

48
Q

Long-day plants

A

Flower when the nights are shorter than a critical length

49
Q

Day-neutral plants

A

Have a flowering cycle that is not sensitive to periods of light and dark

50
Q

Dormancy

A

A period when an organisms growth or activity stop

Life Science (11 decks)

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