Plants

Question 1

Monocot

Answer 1

one cotyledon, usually parallel veins and leaves, flowers usually in multiples of three, scattered vascular bundles, fibrous roots

Question 2

Dicot

Answer 2

two cotyledons, usually netlike in veins and leaves, flowers usually in fours or fives, ring like vascular bundles, tap roots

Question 3

xylem

Answer 3

transport water from roots to shoots and leaves, but it also transports some nutrients

Question 4

Phloem

Answer 4

transports the soluble organic compounds made during photosynthesis and known as photosynthates, in particular the sugar sucrose, to parts of the plant where needed

Question 5

Photosynthesis

Answer 5

CO2 + H2O + light = glucose + O2

Question 6

Glucose

Answer 6

(main energy source) = carbohydrate, a molecule that contains C, H and O2 in 1:2:1 ratio

Question 7

Epidermis

Answer 7

cells tightly packed in single layer; covered by waxy cuticle
No chloroplasts; transparent to allow light inside leaf

Question 8

Chloroplast found in

Answer 8

mesophyll

Question 9

Palisade mesophyll

Answer 9

elongated + closely packed; contains many chloroplasts

Question 10

Spongy mesophyll

Answer 10

cells loosely packed; large air spaces for gas exchange via stomata
Vascular tissue arranged in veins that run through spongy mesophyll

Question 11

Stomata

Answer 11

opening in epidermis through which gas passes
2 kidney-shaped guard cells open/close stoma
In land plants, stoma in lower epidermis
In aquatic plants (water lilies), stomata in upper epidermis
Their spongy mesophyll is replaced with aerenchyma—parenchyma cells with air sacs in between for buoyancy