plants Flashcards
function of stomata
(2)
- Pores in the epidermis that allow gas exchange, including water vapour
- Found on underside of leaf
function of vein (vascular bundle)
(2)
- Transports water and other substances
- Contains xylem and phloem
function of guard cells
(2)
- Occur in pairs around stomata
- Regulate opening and closing of stomata
function of lower epidermis
- Lower part of leaf
- Contains lots of stomata
function of palisade mesophyll
- Tightly packed parenchyma cells
- Rich in chloroplasts therefore most photosynthesis occurs here
- Found beneath upper epidermis
function of upper epidermis
(2)
- Top part of leaf surface
- Transparent so light can penetrate
monocot
Vascular bundles are scattered
dicot
Vascular bundles are arranged in a ring
monocot root
xylem and phloem alternate in sort of ring pattern around the pith
dicot root
xylem is star shaped (or X shaped) with arms that reach out from the center and the phloem is between the arms of the xylem.
transpiration
Water is lost through leaves by transpiration & evaporation. Pressure in leaves decreases due to transpiration and this draws water out of the roots and up the stems. This creates lower water pressure in the roots, which draws in more water.
cohesion
When molecules of the same substance stick together. For example water molecules sticking to each other.
adhesion
When molecules of different substances stick together. For example water molecules sticking to the surface of a plant’s xylem vessel.
what is the major location of photosynthesis in leaves
The major location of photosynthesis in leaves is Palisade mesophyll, and is rich in chloroplasts (which contain chlorophyll), and obtain energy from sunlight which is where photosynthesis occurs.
Cotyledon
also known as seed leaf. Leaf-like structure of the embryo of the seed, stores carbohydrates for the embryo, nourishes the plant as it begins to grow
