digestive system Flashcards
main function(s) of gallbladder
(2)
- Stores and concentrates bile from the liver
- Will release bile (bile salts) into duodenum (Small intestines) when fat is present to break it down
main function(s) of liver
(4)
- Detoxifies harmful substances – breaks them down into non-harmful substances
Converts glucose to Glycogen and stores it - Produces bile (greenish-yellow fluid made up of and bile salts which digest fats
- When the stomach is empty → bile is stored in the gallbladder)
- Release of bile salts is triggered by presence of fats in the duodenum.
main function(s) of pancreas
(3)
- Produces insulin
- The pancreas secretes 1L of pancreatic fluid per day (Base (bicarbonate) – to neutralize stomach acid and Enzymes – to chemically digest proteins carbohydrates and lipids)
- Pancreatic Fluids are secreted into the duodenum
physical digestion of macromolecules – why do we need it? where does it occur?
Physical digestion is to break down large macromolecules into smaller and more manageable pieces for chemical digestion to happen easily; chewing, which it will then reach the stomach through the churning action, bringing together the overall digestion process.
where; chemical digestion of carbohydrates
- They are chemically broken down in the small intestines
where; chemical digestion of protiens
stomach and duodenum to small intestine
digestive enzymes for the digestion of carbohydrates
- pancreatic amylase
digestive enzymes for the digestion of proteins
3 main enzymes Protease (pepsin, trypsin, peptidase)
where; chemical digestion of lipids
mouth and the salivary glands; A small amount of lipids do get digested in the stomach, but it mostly takes place in the small intestine
what is the pH in the stomach
1-2
digestive enzymes for the digestion of lipids
lipase
what is the pH in the mouth
7
what is the pH in the duodenum
8
where do the digestive enzymes originate
your stomach, small intestine and pancreas all make digestive enzymes.
where are the digestive enzymes secreted
They are secreted into the digestive tract to break down food components like proteins, carbohydrates, and fats into smaller molecules for absorption.
