Plants Flashcards
Bryophytes are?
Mosses and their relatives, they lack vascular tissues and thus live close to the ground
First plants to evolve vascular tissues?
Ferns and their relatives
Gymnosperms are
Cone bearing plants, like pines, and the first plants to have some form of seed
Angiosperms are
Flower and fruit bearing plants. The last in the evolutionary pathway, the dominant form of plant life
Characteristics of monocots
Single cotyledon seeds, parallel veins in leaves, floral parts in threes, vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem, and fibrous roots
Characteristics of dicots
Double cotyledon seeds, branched veins in leaves, floral parts in multiples of four or five, vascular bundles arranged in a ring, taproot (one thick root)
Steps one and two of double fertilization?
- Pollen touches the stigma
- The tube cell pushes toward the ovary to the stigma
Step 3 of double fertilization?
As the pollen tube grows, the generative cell produces 2 sperm nuclei
Step 4?
The pollen tube enters the ovule through the microphyle and the two sperm nuclei are released
What happens when plant sperm meets the egg?
Forms a zygote, this zygote will go through mitosis and become the embryo for a new plant
What happens with the polar nuclei during double fertilization?
They meet the other sperm nucleus and for the endosperm, becoming the food supply for the growing embryo
Step 6 of double fertilization?
The two nuclei by the egg garden to form the seed coat
Final step of double fertilization?
The ovary becomes a fruit to encase and protect the seed
Flower’s female sex structures are called ____ and are made up of ____
Pistil, stigma at the top, sticky to receive sperm, style in the middle as a long stalk, ovary at the bottom filled with ovules which will become seeds
Flower’s male sex structures are called ____ and made up of ____
The stamen, made up of an anther which releases pollen, and a filament to hold it up
