Animals Flashcards
Seven animal life characteristics?
Feeding, respiration, circulation, excretion, response, movement, and reproduction
What are sponges?
Most primitive animals, hermaphroditic, no specific tissues, sexual and asexual reproduction, no symmetry, no internal organs or nervous system, porous
How do sponges carry out respiration?
Pores, water goes through their pores, suck the O2 out
How do sponges carry out feeding?
Pores, filter feeding, get tiny things out of the water by pumping water through them
How do sponges carry out excretion
Pores, shit goes out just like it comes in (ammonia and CO2)
How do sponges carry out circulation?
Pores, fuckin pores again
How do sponges carry out reproduction?
Release sperm into the wild via pores, sperm finds an egg somehow, also via pores
What are earthworms like?
Body cavities lined with a mesoderm, body separated by septa into segments, first segment is sensory and has the mouth
How do earthworms carry out feeding?
Food is sucked into the mouth by the pharynx, then moves through the esophagus into the crop, where it is stored. Then food passed into the gizzard, where it gets ground up, and then to the intestine where the nutrients are absorbed.
How do earthworms carry out respiration?
They secrete a protective coating of mucus to keep their skin moist, and absorb O2 and give off CO2 through that
How do earthworms carry out circulation?
5 Aortic arches function as the heart and pump blood around. The dorsal blood vessel carried blood towards the head, and the ventral vessel carried from the head to the tail
How do earthworms carry out excretion?
Digestive waste passes through the anus, cellular waste is excreted by nephridia, excretory organs that filter fluids in the coelom
How do earthworms carry out response?
Well developed nervous system, with a brain and large central nerve cord. Brian is in two parts that meet on the ventral side
How do earthworms carry out movement?
Alternate contracting longitudinal and circular muscles to squirm around. Also have hair-like structures called setae on each segment to provide traction
How do earthworms carry out reproduction?
Reproduction is sexual, with each hermaphroditic worm giving the other their sperm. Fertilization takes place in a ring produced by the clitellum, which then slides off to make an egg sac
Through what structures do sponges take in water?
Pore cells
Through the pores of sponges, the water then enters what area?
The central cavity
Water leaves the sponge through what?
A hole on its top called the osculum
What are the two main body forms of most cnidarians?
Polyp and medusa
What are polyps?
Tube-like sessile structures with tentacles around the mouth, situated at the top
What are medusas?
Dome-shaped motile structures with tentacles near the mouth, on the bottom of the dome
These structures remove cellular waste from earthworms
Nephridia
These act like a worm’s heart
Aortic arches
The first brings blood from tail to head, the second takes blood back to the tail
Dorsal blood vessel, ventral blood vessel
A worm’s body cavity is called
A coelom
The two parts of the brain attach to this
The ventral nerve cord
Order the organs of a worm’s digestive tract
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, crop, gizzard, intestine, anus
The second organ of a worm’s digestive tract, this muscular organ sucks food into the mouth
Pharynx
The fourth part of a worm’s digestive tract, food is stored here before digestion
Crop
The fifth part of the worm’s digestive tract, food here is ground up
Gizzard
The sixth part of a worm’s digestive tract, here is where nutrients are absorbed
The intestine
The seventh and final part of a worm’s digestive tract, waste is excreted from here
Anus
Worms with no body cavity are called ____ and their phylum is ____
Flatworms of phylum platyhelminthes
Worms with a sort of body cavity are called ______ and their phylum is ______
Round worms of phylum nematoda
Earthworms are of which phylum?
Annelida (annelids)
