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Bio 111 > Animals > Flashcards

Animals Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Seven animal life characteristics?

A

Feeding, respiration, circulation, excretion, response, movement, and reproduction

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2
Q

What are sponges?

A

Most primitive animals, hermaphroditic, no specific tissues, sexual and asexual reproduction, no symmetry, no internal organs or nervous system, porous

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3
Q

How do sponges carry out respiration?

A

Pores, water goes through their pores, suck the O2 out

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4
Q

How do sponges carry out feeding?

A

Pores, filter feeding, get tiny things out of the water by pumping water through them

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5
Q

How do sponges carry out excretion

A

Pores, shit goes out just like it comes in (ammonia and CO2)

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6
Q

How do sponges carry out circulation?

A

Pores, fuckin pores again

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7
Q

How do sponges carry out reproduction?

A

Release sperm into the wild via pores, sperm finds an egg somehow, also via pores

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8
Q

What are earthworms like?

A

Body cavities lined with a mesoderm, body separated by septa into segments, first segment is sensory and has the mouth

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9
Q

How do earthworms carry out feeding?

A

Food is sucked into the mouth by the pharynx, then moves through the esophagus into the crop, where it is stored. Then food passed into the gizzard, where it gets ground up, and then to the intestine where the nutrients are absorbed.

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10
Q

How do earthworms carry out respiration?

A

They secrete a protective coating of mucus to keep their skin moist, and absorb O2 and give off CO2 through that

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11
Q

How do earthworms carry out circulation?

A

5 Aortic arches function as the heart and pump blood around. The dorsal blood vessel carried blood towards the head, and the ventral vessel carried from the head to the tail

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12
Q

How do earthworms carry out excretion?

A

Digestive waste passes through the anus, cellular waste is excreted by nephridia, excretory organs that filter fluids in the coelom

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13
Q

How do earthworms carry out response?

A

Well developed nervous system, with a brain and large central nerve cord. Brian is in two parts that meet on the ventral side

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14
Q

How do earthworms carry out movement?

A

Alternate contracting longitudinal and circular muscles to squirm around. Also have hair-like structures called setae on each segment to provide traction

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15
Q

How do earthworms carry out reproduction?

A

Reproduction is sexual, with each hermaphroditic worm giving the other their sperm. Fertilization takes place in a ring produced by the clitellum, which then slides off to make an egg sac

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16
Q

Through what structures do sponges take in water?

A

Pore cells

17
Q

Through the pores of sponges, the water then enters what area?

A

The central cavity

18
Q

Water leaves the sponge through what?

A

A hole on its top called the osculum

19
Q

What are the two main body forms of most cnidarians?

A

Polyp and medusa

20
Q

What are polyps?

A

Tube-like sessile structures with tentacles around the mouth, situated at the top

21
Q

What are medusas?

A

Dome-shaped motile structures with tentacles near the mouth, on the bottom of the dome

22
Q

These structures remove cellular waste from earthworms

A

Nephridia

23
Q

These act like a worm’s heart

A

Aortic arches

24
Q

The first brings blood from tail to head, the second takes blood back to the tail

A

Dorsal blood vessel, ventral blood vessel

25
Q

A worm’s body cavity is called

A

A coelom

26
Q

The two parts of the brain attach to this

A

The ventral nerve cord

27
Q

Order the organs of a worm’s digestive tract

A

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, crop, gizzard, intestine, anus

28
Q

The second organ of a worm’s digestive tract, this muscular organ sucks food into the mouth

A

Pharynx

29
Q

The fourth part of a worm’s digestive tract, food is stored here before digestion

A

Crop

30
Q

The fifth part of the worm’s digestive tract, food here is ground up

A

Gizzard

31
Q

The sixth part of a worm’s digestive tract, here is where nutrients are absorbed

A

The intestine

32
Q

The seventh and final part of a worm’s digestive tract, waste is excreted from here

A

Anus

33
Q

Worms with no body cavity are called ____ and their phylum is ____

A

Flatworms of phylum platyhelminthes

34
Q

Worms with a sort of body cavity are called ______ and their phylum is ______

A

Round worms of phylum nematoda

35
Q

Earthworms are of which phylum?

A

Annelida (annelids)

Bio 111 (5 decks)

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