Plants Flashcards
What does the Shoot System include? What is the Shoot system responsible for?
Everything above ground. Responsible for making sugar through photosynthesis
What does the Root System include? What is the Root System responsible for?
everything underground. acts as an anchor for stability, area for water and nutrients to enter the plant
What is the Dermal Tissue/Epidermis? What is it’s job in the shoot and root systems?
outer layer of cells that covers all non-woody plants, in shoot system exchanges gases and in root system uptakes water & nutrients
What is the Ground tissue? (includes palisade and spongy mesophyll) what are it’s jobs in roots, leaves, and in stem?
layer beneath dermal tissue. in stem provides strength and support, in roots is storage for water & nutrients, in leaves is the site of photosynthesis
What is Vascular Tissue? What are the two types?
cells joined into tubes to transport water & nutrients throughout plant
Xylem: moves water & dissolved minerals from stem to the leaves for photosynthesis
Phloem: transports sucrose & dissolved sugars from leaves all throughout plant. made of sieve cells and companion cells
What are Specialized Cells?
Cells with unique structures and functions in the body
What is Photosynthesis?
occurs in plants, is the process in which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar.
What is Cellular Respiration?
The process of using the energy in glucose (a series of chemical reactions that break down glucose to produce ATP)
What are Guard Cells? What is their job in the plant?
specialized dermal cells that swell and contract to control gas exchange throughout the plant through a stoma
How is water transported in the plant?
water travels up the stem through the xylem
What is the Transpiration Pull? What is it’s role?
the process where water acts like a string of beads, as one water molecule leaves, another moves up to take it’s place. Helps water move through the xylem
How is sugar transported throughout the plant?
the phloem moves the sugars to all cells of the plant. The companion cells of the phloem provide the energy that the sieve cells require for this movement
What is Phototropism?
the movement caused by light stimuli
What makes a plant exhibit positive phototropism? What about negative phototropism?
A stem exhibits positive phototropism because they grow TOWARDS the light.
A root exhibits negative phototropism because they grow AWAY from the light
What is Gravitropism? What makes a plant exhibit positive and negative gravitropism?
the movement due to Earth’s gravitational force
Stems exhibit negative gravitropism because they grow OPPOSITE of the g-force
Roots exhibit positive gravitropism because they grow DOWN towards the g-force
