Cell Membrane & Transport

Question 1

What is the Cell Membrane made of? (Each part)

Answer 1

consists of a bilipid layer, made up of two layers of phospholipids with cholesterol intersection between them. Proteins between them as well

Question 2

What are the two parts of Phospholipids? Which is hydrophilic and which is hydrophobic?

Answer 2

1. Phosphate head (hydrophilic-water loving)
2. Lipid tail
   (hydrophobic-water hating)

Question 3

Why is Cholesterol important in the cell membrane?

Answer 3

it stabilizes, makes it better at being semi-permeable

Question 4

What are the Proteins job in the cell membrane?

Answer 4

help transport materials across a membrane

Question 5

What is Passive Transport?

Answer 5

movement of particles along a concentration gradient (H to L) does NOT require energy

Question 6

What is Diffusion?

Answer 6

Chemicals move from (H to L)

Question 7

What is Osmosis?

Answer 7

movement of WATER from (H to L) across a membrane

Question 8

What is Facilitate Diffusion?

Answer 8

movement of chemicals from (H to L) with the help of a carrier protein or channel protein

Question 9

What dictates if a cell can move through the concentration gradient without needing to pass through a protein?

Answer 9

1. Size of the cell
2. If the cell is charged or not

Question 10

True or False: there are different types of Proteins to transport different substances

Answer 10

True!

Question 11

What is Active Transport?

Answer 11

moves against a concentration gradient from (L to H) (up the slope) REQUIRES ENERGY! help of a pump protein needed

Question 12

What is Endocytosis?

Answer 12

movement of particles into a cell

Question 13

What is Exocytosis?

Answer 13

movement of particles out of the cell

Question 14

What is something that Endocytosis and Exocytosis have in common?

Answer 14

both move molecules that are too large to move through other processes. Both get energy by using ATP. Both use membrane bound sacs to carry substances in and out of cell

Question 15

Define Hypotonic. How does this affect the cell?

Answer 15

Solution inside cell has more solute than outside. (cell shrinks)

Question 16

Define Hypertonic. How does this affect the cell?

Answer 16

solution outside cell has more solute than inside. (cell expands, could burst)

Question 17

Define Isotonic. How does this affect the cell?

Answer 17

same amount of solute inside cell as outside. (stays the same)

Question 18

What does it mean when the membrane is semi-permeable?

Answer 18

allows certain substances to pass through it but not others

Question 19

Why are Cells so small?

Answer 19

They need to be able to get nutrients in and waste out as quickly as possible

Question 20

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Unicellular vs. Multicellular?

Answer 20

Unicellular don’t live as long, they are smaller therefore they can reproduce faster. Multicellular require more food and energy, can increase in size without limitations