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plants Flashcards

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1
Q

What is nutrition?

A

Nutrition is the process of taking in food and utilizing it for various life processes.

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2
Q

What are autotrophs?

A

Autotrophs are organisms that can synthesize or make their own food with the help of simple inorganic substances. such as carbon dioxide and water.

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3
Q

What are heterotrophs?

A

Heterotrophs are organisms that obtain their energy by breaking down the food obtained from other organisms.

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4
Q

What is photosynthesis

A

Photosynthesis is the process in which green plants use the energy of sunlight to synthesize food from carbon dioxide and water.

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5
Q

Photosynthesis is the process in which green plants use the energy of sunlight to synthesize food from

A

carbon dioxide and water.

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6
Q

What is the presence of starch confirms ?

A

The presence of starch confirms that photosynthesis has taken place in the leaf.

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7
Q

What is the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide is one of the raw materials required for photosynthesis. It enters the leaf through tiny pores called stomata.

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8
Q

What are stomata?

A

Stomata are small openings on the surface of the leaf that allow the exchange of gases and water vapour.

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9
Q

The Amazon Water lily plant has

A

the largest leaves. In a year. the plant produces leaves more than 2 m (6 ft) wide.

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10
Q

What is the aim of the activity involved KOH ?

A

To demonstrate that carbon hdioxide is necessary for photosynthesis.

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11
Q

What is the role of water in photosynthesis?

A

Water is another raw material required for photosynthesis. It is absorbed by the roots of the plant from the soil and transported to the leaves through pipe-like vessels in the stem.

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12
Q

What is chlorophyll?

A

Chlorophyll is a green pigment that gives leaves their green color. It helps in absorbing sunlight and converting it into chemical energy for photosynthesis.

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13
Q

What is a variegated leaf?

A

A variegated leaf is a leaf that has both green and non-green parts. The green parts have chlorophyll and can perform photosynthesis. while the non-green parts lack chlorophyll and cannot perform photosynthesis.

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14
Q

How sunlight is necessary for photosynthesis?

A

Photosynthesis is the process that takes place in the presence of sunlight. During photosynthesis. solar energy is used to synthesize food from carbon dioxide and water.

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15
Q

The overall process of photosynthesis can be represented in the form of the following equation

A

Carbon dioxide + Water Light energy/Chlorophyll Sugar + Oxygen

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16
Q

Vast forests in many tropical areas of the world are often called the lungs of the world because

A

they produce a large amount of oxygen.

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17
Q

e) ________ is byproduct of photosynthesis.

A

a) oxygen

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18
Q

There are certain plants which cannot synthesize their own food as they do not have chlorophyll. These plants depend on other plants for food and are called

A

heterotrophs. They. therefore exhibit heterotrophic mode of nutrition.

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19
Q

Heterotrophic plants are further divided into following categories

A
  • parasitic , insectivores, symbiosis,
    Saprophyte
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20
Q

A parasite is an organism that

A

lives in or on another organism and derives nutrients from it.

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21
Q

The organism from which a parasite derives its nutrients is called the

A

host.

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22
Q

An example of a plant parasite is

A

Cuscuta (amber) or mistletoe.

23
Q

A saprophyte is an organism that

A

obtains its nutrition from dead and decaying matter.

24
Q

An example of a saprophyte is

A

fungi growing on bread.

25
Q

A mushroom is also a fungus. Its mode of nutrition is

A

saprotrophic.

26
Q

A mushroom is an edible fungus. However. not all the varieties of mushroom are edible. Some varieties of mushroom are

A

poisonous.

27
Q

During rainy season. you may see white patches developing over leather items. such as shoes and leather bags. These white patches are also

A

fungi.

28
Q

Where do the fungi in bread. wood. and leather come from?

A

The spores of fungi are present in the air. Whenever conditions become favourable. they settle on a particular surface and begin to grow.

29
Q

Coral roots are

A

saprophytic plants.

30
Q

There are some plants which feed on insects. Such plants are called

A

insectivorous plants or insectivores.

31
Q

Leaves of insectivorous plants are modified to

A

trap insects.

32
Q

Venus flytrap and the pitcher plant are examples of

A

insectivorous plants.

33
Q

modification of a pitcher plant

A

each leaf is modified into a pitcher-like structure with a lid on top. Hair are present inside the pitcher. When an insect sits on the pitcher. the lid closes to trap the insect. It gets entangled in the hair of the pitcher.

34
Q

Observe the pictures of the pitcher plant and Venus’s flytrap. What is the colour of their leaves?

A

The pitcher plant has green leaves with red veins and spots. The Venus flytrap has green leaves with reddish lobes.

35
Q

Does insectivor plants also perform photosynthesis?

A

Yes. this indicates that these plants also perform photosynthesis. as they have green pigment chlorophyll in their leaves that helps in absorbing sunlight and converting it into chemical energy.

36
Q

why insectivors plants eat insects

A

The soil in which these plants grow is deficient in certain nutrients. So they eat insects to fulfil their nutrient requirements

37
Q

The giant pitcher plant. which is believed to be

A

the world’s largest meat-eating shrub attracts rodents and frogs into its slipper-shaped mouth and dissolves them with acid-like enzymes

38
Q

Are pitcher plants and Venus flytraps also parasites? Why or why not?

A

No. pitcher plants and Venus flytraps are not parasites. because they do not live in or on another organism and derive nutrients from it. They are insectivorous plants that trap and digest insects for additional nutrients.

39
Q

Symbiosis is

A

a type of biological interaction in which two or more organisms live in close association with each other and benefit from it.

40
Q

Organisms that live in association with each other are known as

A

symbiotic relationships.

41
Q

A parasitic relationship is where

A

only one organism gains and the other loses.

42
Q

An example of a parasitic relationship is

A

Cuscuta and host tree.

43
Q

An example of a mutualistic relationship is

A

oxpecker and rhinoceros.

44
Q

Lichen is an example of a symbiotic relationship between

A

green or blue-green algae and fungus.

45
Q

The alga prepares food which is used by the fungus. The fungus in return

A

provides conditions for alga to survive for long term and also provides certain mineral nutrients to alga.

46
Q

reindeer moss.

A

Lichens serve as a major food source for many types of animals including reindeer. Therefore. lichen is often called

47
Q

Lichens are also brewed as tea in some places. They are also used as

A

dyes to colour the textiles.

48
Q

d) Lichen is an example of a symbiotic relationship between an alga and a fungus.

A

a) T

49
Q

the importance of soil for plants

A

Plants constantly need nutrients for their growth. They absorb these nutrients from soil

50
Q

Continually growing crops on the same field makes it deficient in vital nutrients such as

A

nitrogen.

51
Q

The enrichment of soil can be done in following ways

A
  1. Add manures and fertilizers to increase its fertility: These fertilizers and manures are rich in nitrogen. In addition. these fertilizers contain potassium and phosphorus.
52
Q

What are nodules in the root of the plant.

A

Leguminous plants like pea and Rhizobium bacterium too share a symbiotic relationship. This relationship leads to the development of specialized structures called nodules

53
Q

Bacteria living in root nodules are able to convert atmospheric nitrogen into

A

ammonia.

54
Q

The ammonia is used by the plant as a

A

nitrogen source to synthesize proteins.

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