Plants Flashcards
Flower
Flower is for reproduction
• It makes seeds
• It contains male and female sex organs
Leaf
Makes food for the plant (photosynthesis)
• Cools the plant when water vapour passes through it
• Allows the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen
• Leaf stores food (e.g. lettuce, cabbage, cress, spinach)
Fruit
• Protectsseeds
• Provides food for seeds
The bud
• Allows new leaves and flowers to grow
Stem
• The stem allows the transport of food, water and minerals around the plant
• It also supports the plant and holds it upright
• Stems store food (e.g. potato)
Roots
• Anchor and support
• Take in water and nutrients
• Store food (e.g. carrots and turnips)
Transport in plants
• There are vessels in a plant, the xylem and the phloem.
• Water is absorbed up through the roots, and travels to the leaves and the tips of the plant through the xylem.
• Minerals from the soil are dissolved in the water, and so, travel in the xylem also.
• Food from the leaves travels to other parts of the plant in the phloem.
Transpiration
• Transpiration is the loss of water vapour from the stomata of the leaves.
• The stomata are little holes on the underside of the leaves.
The flow of water from the roots, up through the plant, and out the leaves is called the transpiration stream.
Flower
• The flower is the sexual reproduction organ of the plant
• Male cells called pollen are made here
• Female cells called egg cells are made here
Sepal
protects the flower before it blooms
Petals
coloured and scented to attract insects
Male parts
Stamen made up of filament and anther
Filament
Holds up anther
Anther
Makes pollens
Female parts
Carpel, made up of the stigma, style and ovary
Ovary
makes the egg or ovule (gamete)
Stigma
pollen lands and sticks to it
Style
makes a tube for the pollen (male gamete) to travel down to the egg (female gamete)
Pollination.
Pollination is the transfer of the pollen from the stamen (anther) of one plant to the carpel (stigma) of another
Fertilisation
Fertilisation is the fusion of the male gamete nucleus with the female gamete nucleus to form a zygote
Photosynthesis
is the process where green plants make food using light energy
Stomata
Little holes on the under side of leaves for gas exchange
Carbon dioxide
Comes from the atmosphere
Water
Comes in through the roots from the soil
