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Science > Human Repoduction And Genetics > Flashcards

Human Repoduction And Genetics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ovaries

A

Ovaries store and release eggs

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2
Q

Fallopian tubes

A

The Fallopian tubes carry the egg to the uterus fertilisation occurs here

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3
Q

Uterus

A

The uterus(womb) is where the fertilised egg becomes Inplanted and finds nourishments

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4
Q

Cervix

A

The cervix leads from the vagina to the uterus

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5
Q

Vagina

A

The vagina holds the make penis during sexual intercourse

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6
Q

Ovulation

A

An egg is released from the ovary an average of 28 days

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7
Q

The egg is released

A

On day 13-15of the menstrual cycle and it passes along the Fallopian tube to the uterus

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8
Q

Period

A

The lining and a small amount of blood pass out through the vagina(1-5)

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9
Q

Menopause

A

When a woman is at the end of there menstrual cycle and can’t produce anymore happens at around age 50

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10
Q

Testes

A

The testes produce sperm

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11
Q

Scrotum

A

The scrotum is where the testes are it is located outside the body to ensure the tempatures is
For healthy sperm

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12
Q

Epididymis

A

The epididymis is a coiled tube on the outside of each testis that stores sperm and allows them to mature fully

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13
Q

Vas deferans

A

The vas deferans brings the sperm from the testes to the penis

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14
Q

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and Cowper’s gland

A

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and Cowper’s gland produce seminal fluid which mixes with sperm to form semen it nourishes the sperm and allow them to swim

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15
Q

Penis

A

The penis enters the female and ejaculates seamen

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16
Q

Puberty

A

Puberty describes when the body starts becoming sexually mature it normally happens between the ages of 10 and 16

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17
Q

Make puberty

A

In males sex hormones are released causing the voice deepen , hair grows around the sex organs , face ,chest and underarms the testes and penis grow bigger and start to produce sperm

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18
Q

Female puberty

A

In females when the sex hormones are released the breasts develop , hips widen and hair begins to grow on the body

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19
Q

During intercourse the mans

A

Penis fills with blood and becomes hard enough to be placed inside the womens vagina

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20
Q

Semen

A

A mixture of sperm cells seminal fluid is released into the vagina during intercourse

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21
Q

The sperm swim

A

Up the uterus and into the Fallopian tubes

22
Q

Fertilisation

A

If an egg is present in the Fallopian tube and a couple have sexual intercourse, then one of the sperm cells may fuse with it

23
Q

Fertilised egg

A

The nuclei of the sperm and egg fuse together.the woman is now pregnant

24
Q

Zygote-embryo-foetus

A
25
Q

Zygote

A

Egg and sperm fuse to form a single zygote

26
Q

Embryo

A

Cell division occurs and growth

27
Q

Foetus

A

Which attaches to the lining of the uterus(implantation) grows more and after 8 weeks looks like a human

28
Q

Implantation

A

When the embryo attaches to the lining of the uterus

29
Q

Length of pregnancy

A

The average length of human pregnancy is 40 weeks

30
Q

Amniotic fluid

A

As the embryo develops in the uterus it is protected inside a bag of fluid.this fluid provides a cushion for the embryo

31
Q

Umbilical cord

A

A tube joining the embryo to the placenta

32
Q

Placenta

A

Is rich in vessels , that food and oxygen from the mothers blood pass into the baby’s blood

33
Q

Labour

A

The birth of a Baby begins when the uterus muscles start to contract

34
Q

Water breaks

A

The bag of amniotic fluid bursts and further contractions push the baby out usually head first

35
Q

Lactation

A

The production of breast milk

36
Q

Colostrum

A

The first three days of milk very nutritious and helps protect the baby from infection

37
Q

Family planning

A

To control the number of children you have you need to control the number of times fertilisation takes place

38
Q

Natural methods of contraception

A

Aim to detect the day ovulation takes place and avoid intercourse during the fertile period

39
Q

Artificial methods of contraception

A

Prevent the sperm and egg meeting

40
Q

Condom

A

Prevents sperm entering the vagina

41
Q

Contraceptive pill

A

Which prevents ovulation

42
Q

Reliability of contraception

A

It is important to realise no method is 100% reliable

43
Q

Inheritable characteristics

A

Many physical characteristics such as eye colour and shape of ears were inherited from your parents

44
Q

Chromosomes

A

The nucleus of each sex cell contains 23 thread like structures called chromosomes

45
Q

Chromosomes r made of

A

Protein and DNA. These chromosomes carry genes

46
Q

DNA

A

Depxyribonucleic acid

47
Q

Genes

A

Are chemicals found on chromosomes that pass on information from parents to children

48
Q

Biodiversity

A

There are many different types of living things

49
Q

Fossils

A

The remains of very ancient living things

50
Q

Extinct

A

Some living things dissappear

51
Q

Natural selection

A

How the variety of living things may have arisen the most widely accepted explanation based on evidence is the theory of evolution by natural selection

52
Q

Species

A

A group of living things that can reproduce together to produce offspring which themselves can reproduce

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