Plant Vegetative

Question 1

flattened outgrowth of stem

Answer 1

leaves

Question 2

part of leaf attached to the stem or branch; protects a bud in its axil

Answer 2

leaf base

Question 3

part of leaf that connects the lamina with the stem

Answer 3

petiole

Question 4

leaf that does not have a petiole

Answer 4

sessile

Question 5

food manufacturer of the leaf; has veins; forms structural framework of the leaf

Answer 5

lamina

Question 6

large center vein from which all other leaf veins extend

Answer 6

midrib

Question 7

systems of tubes for the transport of nutrients and water

Answer 7

veins

Question 8

ducts that bring water and minerals from the roots into the leaf

Answer 8

xylem

Question 9

ducts that usually move sap

Answer 9

phloem

Question 10

edges of leaves; assists in plant identification

Answer 10

margins

Question 11

leaf arranged in a circle around the stem

Answer 11

whorled

Question 12

undivided blade with a single axillary bud at the base of its petiole

Answer 12

simple leaf

Question 13

blade divided into leaflets

Answer 13

compound leaf

Question 14

petioles that are attached to the middle of the blade

Answer 14

peltate leaves

Question 15

sessile leaves that surround and are pierced by stems

Answer 15

perfoliate leaves

Question 16

first leaves produced by a germinating seed

Answer 16

cotyledons

Question 17

leaflets are reduced in size; allows plant to cling other objects

Answer 17

tendrils

Question 18

skin of the leaf; protects leaf from loss of too much moisture

Answer 18

epidermis

Question 19

opened and closed by 2 guard cells; allows the plant to breathe and transpire

Answer 19

stoma

Question 20

movement of water and minerals from the roots upward; movement of manufactured food down

Answer 20

stems

Question 21

breathing pores of stem

Answer 21

lenticels

Question 22

indicate where terminal bud has been located previous year

Answer 22

bud scale scars

Question 23

show where leaf was attached; distance between the two represents one year of growth

Answer 23

leaf scars

Question 24

separates the xylem and phloem and produces all new cells

Answer 24

cambium

Question 25

hard, woody, pointed structures developed from terminal/axillary bud

Answer 25

thorns

Question 26

woody curved sensitive structure formed from axillary/terminal bud

Answer 26

hooks

Question 27

short underground stem with fleshy leaves attached

Answer 27

bulb

Question 28

stems that cling to or wrap around other plants or structures

Answer 28

climbing

Question 29

short, enlarged, underground stem

Answer 29

corm

Question 30

a horizontal underground stem used mainly in reproduction, but also in storage

Answer 30

rhizome

Question 31

horizontal, above ground stems to produce new rooted plantlets when they touch the surface

Answer 31

stolons/runners

Question 32

swollen, underground stems used for storage

Answer 32

tuber

Question 33

anchor plant and hold upright; absorb water and minerals from soil and conduct to stem

Answer 33

roots

Question 34

produces new cells; protects roots as they push through soil

Answer 34

root cap

Question 35

increases surface area of roots; facilitate the absorption of water and nutrients

Answer 35

root hair

Question 36

easier transplanting

Answer 36

fibrous roots

Question 37

large central roots with shorter branching roots

Answer 37

tap roots

Question 38

hang down in mid-air and absorb water from rainfall

Answer 38

aerial roots

Question 39

grow from unusual places on plants such as stems, leaves and even fruits

Answer 39

adventitious roots

Question 40

grow down from lateral branches, branching in the soil

Answer 40

stilt roots

Question 41

flowering plants

Answer 41

angiosperm

Question 42

non flowering plants, usually involves reproduction through seeds

Answer 42

gymnosperms

Question 43

have one cotyledon

Answer 43

monocots

Question 44

have two cotyledons

Answer 44

dicots

Question 45

the seed-bearing part of a plant, consisting of reproductive organs that are typically surrounded by a brightly colored corolla and a green calyx

Answer 45

flowers

Question 46

green leaf-like part that covers and protects bud before opening

Answer 46

calyx/sepal

Question 47

colorful and advertise the flower to pollinators

Answer 47

petals

Question 48

has long slender neck (style) with a sticky stigma at its tip

Answer 48

carpel

Question 49

consists of a stalk (filament) tipped by an anther; male part of flower

Answer 49

stamen

Question 50

flower stalk

Answer 50

peduncle

Question 51

part of flower stalk bearing the floral organs, at base of flower

Answer 51

receptacle

Question 52

all the sepals when formed together

Answer 52

calyx

Question 53

all the petals when formed together

Answer 53

corolla

Question 54

the pollen bearing portion of a stamen

Answer 54

anther

Question 55

grains consisting the male gametes

Answer 55

pollen

Question 56

female part of the flower; consisting of the stigma, style and ovary

Answer 56

carpel/pistil

Question 57

often sticky top of carpel, serves as a receptive surface for pollen grains

Answer 57

stigma

Question 58

the stalk of a carpel, between the stigma and the ovary, through which the pollen tube grows

Answer 58

style

Question 59

enlarged base of the carpel containing the ovule/s

Answer 59

ovary

Question 60

located in the ovaries; carries female gametes

Answer 60

ovule

Question 61

a flower containing all four modified leaves

Answer 61

complete

Question 62

a flower that lacks any of the four modified leaves

Answer 62

incomplete

Question 63

flowers bearing only male sex parts

Answer 63

staminate flowers

Question 64

flowers bearing only female sex parts

Answer 64

carpellate/pistillate flowers

Question 65

flowers bearing both male and female sex parts

Answer 65

hermaphhrodite/complete flowers

Question 66

above the attachment of the petals, sepals and stamens; also an ovary that is free from the hypanthium

Answer 66

superior ovary

Question 67

petals, sepals and stamens attached at the base of ovary

Answer 67

hypogynous

Question 68

petals, sepals and stamens on the rim of hypanthium

Answer 68

perigynous

Question 69

below the attachment of the petals, sepals and stamens; may have hypanthium adnate to top of ovary

Answer 69

inferior ovary

Question 70

petals, sepals and stamens attached at top of ovary and on the rim of hypanthium

Answer 70

epigynous

Question 71

cluster of flowers; all flowers arising from the main stem axis or peduncle

Answer 71

inflorescence

Question 72

the oldest flower terminated the main axis

Answer 72

cyme

Question 73

just one flower on the peduncle

Answer 73

solitary

Question 74

the characteristic inflorescence of the remarkable arum family; consists of a thickened, fleshy axis bearing clusters of sessile, apetalous, unisexual flowers

Answer 74

spadix

Question 75

this inflorescence has an unbranched main acid and all the pedicels of the flowers are more or less the same length

Answer 75

raceme

Question 76

the peduncle of this type of inflorescence bears all the pedicels at its apex

Answer 76

umbel

Question 77

the peduncle bears a number of primary pedicels at its apex

Answer 77

compound umbel

Question 78

this inflorescence type has a long, unbranched main axis which bears flowers which have no pedicels or very short pedicels

Answer 78

spike

Question 79

do not have pedicels; grouped together on the top of a peduncle which may be flattened or rounded

Answer 79

head

Question 80

similar to raceme, but the pedicels of the flowers are of unequal length so that the entire structure appears flat-topped

Answer 80

corymb

Question 81

like a spike, but with the flowers and inflorescence subtended by specialized bracts

Answer 81

spikelet

Question 82

the flowers are borne in a tight circle at each node

Answer 82

verticil

Question 83

ripened ovule containing the embryo

Answer 83

seed

Question 84

protects the embryo

Answer 84

seed coat

Question 85

scar from the seed being attached to the parent plant

Answer 85

hilum

Question 86

what forms the new plant once the opportune conditions are present

Answer 86

embryo

Question 87

above the cotyledon

Answer 87

epicotyl

Question 88

below the cotyledon

Answer 88

hypocotyl

Question 89

the shoot tip with a pair of miniature leaves

Answer 89

plumule

Question 90

the part of the seed where the root develops

Answer 90

radicle

Question 91

unspecialized cells that can divide indefinitely to produce new cells; usually found at the apex of root and shoot

Answer 91

meristematic tissues

Question 92

the region where meristematic cells dwell

Answer 92

meristems

Question 93

early embryonic meristem from which other advanced meristems are derived

Answer 93

promeristem

Question 94

give rise to the primary tissue systems

Answer 94

primary meristems

Question 95

derived from primary meristem permanent tissues that have the capacity of divison

Answer 95

secondary meristem

Question 96

responsible for the secondary thickening of plant organs

Answer 96

vascular cambium

Question 97

produce the periderm, secondary dermal tissues

Answer 97

cork cambium

Question 98

located at the tips of root and shoots of plants

Answer 98

apical meristem

Question 99

present at the base of leaves, nodes and internodes; help in longitudinal growth of plants

Answer 99

intercalary meristem

Question 100

lies on the side of the plant’s body; gives the plant its width or girth

Answer 100

lateral meristems