Plant Unit Test

Question 1

what are the four groups?

Answer 1

Bryophytes
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Pteridophytes

Question 2

Bryophytes
( non-vascular seedless plants )

Answer 2

Includes mosses, liverworts, and hornworts
No vascular tissue
Relies on diffusion (high → low) and osmosis (low → high) to transport nutrients
No roots (has root like structures instead)
Mats of low, tangles vegetation
Holds water like a sponge
They have no flowers and are ugly

Question 3

Gymnosperms
(vascular naked seed producing plants)

Answer 3

Includes pinecones, spruce cones
Have seeds that are exposed on the surface of cones
Reproduced by the male cone releasing sperm into the wind through the use of pollen grains. They then find the female and fertilise

Question 4

Angiosperms
(vascular seed producing flower plants)

Answer 4

Bloom flowers and fruit
Reproductive genes in flower
Pollen grain will either get picked up by the wind or get attached to animals (like bees)

Question 5

Pteridophytes
(vascular seedless plants)

Answer 5

Includes ferns, horsetails, and club mosses
Vascular tissue that allows them to grow tall
Do not produce seeds or flowers
They depend on moisture to carry out sexual reproduction

Question 6

sepals

Answer 6

They are the green leaves coming off the side of the stem.
protect both flowers and fruits by producing chemicals that would ward off predators

Question 7

petals

Answer 7

attract insects for pollination and to protect the reproductive organs

Question 8

stamens

Answer 8

produce the pollen grains, which house male gametes, or sex cells, necessary for reproduction

Question 9

anther

Answer 9

They are green bulb like structures at the end of the purple stigma
Produces and contains pollen

Question 10

stigma

Answer 10

Bendable sticks coming out of the centre of the flower
Helps collect pollen

Question 11

style

Answer 11

They are a structure coming out of the centre of the flower
They assist with fertilization by being in the location where pollen tubes travel to deliver sperm cells to the egg

Question 12

Angiosperm life cycle

Answer 12

Makes spores

Embryo Growth (haploid)

Seed Germination

Sporophyte Growth

Flowering

Fruit Production

Question 13

vascular

Answer 13

tissue that helps transport water and nutrients

Question 14

Non-vascular

Answer 14

plants without a vascular system consisting of xylem and phloem. Instead, they may possess simpler tissues that have specialised functions for the internal transport of water.

Question 15

which ones have vascular tissue?

Answer 15

Angiosperms, Pteridophytes, and Gymnosperms

Question 16

how do you tell which plants have vascular tissue?

Answer 16

If they have traversing roots like moss they don’t

Question 17

What is a phloem?

Answer 17

vascular tissue that moves sugar downward

Question 18

what is a xylem?

Answer 18

a vascular tissue that moves water up from the root

Question 19

what is a gametophyte?

Answer 19

The gametophyte is the sexual phase in the life cycle of plants.

Question 20

What is a sporophyte?

Answer 20

The diploid stage which produces asexual spores.

Question 21

define haploid

Answer 21

Has one set of chromosomes, formed by meiosis

Question 22

define diploid

Answer 22

Has two sets of chromosomes, undergoes mitosis

Question 23

life cycle of a plant?

Answer 23

1. Plant life cycles have two alternating phases: A diploid phase and a haploid phase.
2. The diploid stage is known as the sporophyte plant.
   The sporophyte plant produces spores
3. Spores are haploid reproductive cells formed as a result of meiosis ( a type of division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores )
4. Spores germinate and grow into new individuals called gametophytes.
5. The gametophyte generation is the haploid phase of the plant life cycle. The gametophyte plant produces gametes (egg and sperm) by mitosis.
6. Egg and sperm fuse during fertilisation to produce a diploid zygote.
7. The zygote grows and develops into the mature sporophyte plant.

Question 24

how do you identify a monocot?

Answer 24

One cotyledon, parallel-veined leaves, narrow leaves, vascular bundles scattered, flower parts in multiples of three.

Question 25

examples of a monocot?

Answer 25

Corn, grasses, wheat, coconuts, orchids, onions, palms, ginger, garlic, pineapple, aloevera, barley, banana, asparagus, duckweed.

Question 26

how do you identify a dicot?

Answer 26

Two cotyledons, tap root (like carrots), net veined leaves, vascular bundles in stem form a ring, flower parts in four or fives.

Question 27

examples of a dicot?

Answer 27

All legumes, beans lentils, pea, and peanuts

Question 28

importance of plants?

Answer 28

Bales of straw (dried grain stalks or stems) can be used for support and insulation in the construction of new homes.
It is renewable on a short time scale, relatively inexpensive, easily available, and it is an excellent insulator.

Question 29

photosynthesis

Answer 29

Produces glucose and oxygen
Glucose: is the food that supplies plants and consumers with energy to perform activities
Oxygen: Plants use the oxygen they produce for cellular respiration, although most gets released

Question 30

plants supply biochemicals
(ecosystem)

Answer 30

attract pollinators and repel threats

Question 31

prevention of erosion

Answer 31

They reduce the negative effects of flooding, help to keep the water in the soil, and they help preserve topsoil

Question 32

a cellulose source

Answer 32

Cellulose is a large and complex carbohydrate
Humans use it to make fabric, paper, and cardboard

Question 33

a source of food

Answer 33

Used in agriculture and farming practices
Is needed to survive and sustain the population

Question 34

a fuel source

Answer 34

Burning wood and coal ( coal is created by decomposed plant material buried deep below earth’s surface )
Is what makes up wood

Question 35

plants supply biochemicals
(humans)

Answer 35

used for medicinal purposes

Question 36

a recreation and ecotourism resource

Answer 36

Make the world pretty so people want to visit everywhere to see the different biodiversity