Plant Tissues

Question 1

MERISTEMATIC TISSUES

Answer 1

cells that are dividing or have the ability to divide
cells alike or isodiametric
spherical oval or polygonal in shape
thin cell wall

Question 2

PERMANENT TISSUES

Answer 2

Cells that have lost the power to divide

both living and dead cells

Question 3

APICAL MERISTEM

Answer 3

apex of shoot and root
represents active growing regions
single cell in bryo and Pterido to a few cm in higher plants
responsible for primary growth

Question 4

INTERCALRY MERISTEM

Answer 4

lies between masses of permanent tissue
found at base of leaves or in the nodes
short-lived and transforms into permanent tissue

Question 5

LATERAL MERISTEM

Answer 5

lies laterally in strips/patches
divides sideways
responsible for secondary growth
cambium

Question 6

SIMPLE PERMANENT TISSUE

Answer 6

Made up of one type of cells forming homogeneous mass
Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Schlerenchyma

Question 7

PARENCHYMA

Answer 7

cells relatively isodiametric 
oval, spherical, polygonal
living, thin walled
present in all soft parts of plant
storage of food material

Question 8

CHLORENCHYMA

Answer 8

Parenchyma cells containing chloroplasts

Question 9

COLLENCHYMA

Answer 9

Slighty elongated cells 
rounded ends
living cells thickened at corners 
present under epidermis usually in dicots
often contain chloroplasts 
provide strength and manufactures food

Question 10

SCHLERENCHYMA

Answer 10

long, narrow, thick, lignified cells, pointed at both ends
fibre like
dead cells
strength, flexibility, elasticity, and mechanical support

Question 11

COMPLEX PERMANENT TISSUE

Answer 11

Made up of more than one type of cells that work together

Question 12

XYLEM

Answer 12

Main conducting tissue
moves water and minerals upwards
mechanical support
tracheids, vessels, wood fibres, wood parenchyma

Question 13

(xylem) TRACHEIDS

Answer 13

elongated, tubular cells tapering at the ends, with hard, thickened walls; cells are empty, dead, with pits along their walls; forms most of the xylem tissue in Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms

Question 14

(xylem) VESSELS

Answer 14

tube-like structures formed by series of tubular cells fitted end to end
dead thick walled
conduct water and mineral salts
provide mechanical support
vessels and tracheids make up most of xylem tissue in Angiosperms

Question 15

(xylem) WOOD FIBRES

Answer 15

sclerenchymatous cells associated with xylem tissue

mechanical support

Question 16

(xylem) WOOD PARENCHYMA

Answer 16

parenchymatous cells in xylem tissue; thin-walled living cells, stores food and help in conduction

Question 17

PHLOEM

Answer 17

Conducting tissue
transports food from leaves to storage organs, non green parts of plant, and growing regions
sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma, bast fibres

Question 18

(phloem) SIEVE TUBES

Answer 18

tube like elements composed of elongated cells placed end to end
Has a sieve plate between cells
thin walls and cytoplasm but no nucleus
transporting food material

Question 19

(phloem) COMPANION CELLS

Answer 19

elongated, thin walled cell
associated with each sieve tube; connected by pores
living cells with protoplasm and elongated nucleus
present only in angiosperms
transport of prepared food

Question 20

(phloem) PHOLEM PARENCHYMA

Answer 20

parenchymatous cells associated with phloem; store and help conduct food material; absent in most monocots

Question 21

(phloem) BAST FIBRES

Answer 21

sclerenchymatous cells associated with phloem; usually absent in primary phloem, common in secondary phloem

Question 22

SECRETORY TISSUE

Answer 22

tissues composed of elements which are secretory in function; secrete latex/similar compounds (laticiferous tissues), or oils, mucilage, gums, resins, tannins, water (glandular tissues)