Plant tissue structure and functions Flashcards
What are the two types of tissues that plants are made of
Meristematic tissue
Permanent tissue
Meristematic tissue
Tissue with undifferentiated, unspecialised cells undergoing cell division
To enable growth through rapid cell division
Permanent tissue
Tissues that do not divide or grow further
They develop special structures for specific functions
Meristematic tissues can be found in
Apical meristems
Lateral meristems
Apical meristems
Tissue that makes a plant grow longer from its tips
Lateral meristems
Tissue that makes a plant grow thicker or wider
Structure of meristematic tissue
Thin walls immature cells that divide often Cell tightly packed in rows or layers No intercellular spaces Single large nucleus Dense cytoplasm Small or no vacoule
Function of meristematic tissues
Make new cells for growth
Some new cells stay meristematic
Some cells differentiate and become permanent tissues
Permanent tissues can be divided into three groups
Dermal tissue- covers the plant
Vascular tissue- transports water and nutrients
Ground tissue-fills the space between the epidermal and vascular tissues
Lignin
A thick strong non permeable substance
Dermal tissue
On the outside of the plant
Function of epidermal tissue
Forms a skin to cover and protect plant
Cuticle prevents too much water loss
Roots absorb water
Controls movement of water out of plant
Ground tissuess
Parenchyma
Chlorenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
Structure of parenchyma tissue
Many sided thin walled cells
Large vacoules
Loosely packed
Large intercellular spaces
Function of parenchyma
Store food and water
Allow gases, water and substances to move through the plant
