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301 Biology 3.3 > Plant Responses > Flashcards

Plant Responses Flashcards

1
Q

Autotrophs

A

Organisms that produce their own food (photosynthesis)

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2
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Sunlight + Water + Carbon Dioxide → Oxygen + Glucose

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3
Q

Tropisms

A

Plant Response: A directional and permanent change to the orientation of a plant’s growth in response to a stimulus: grow towards (positive) or grow away (negative)

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4
Q

Nastic Responses

A

Non-direction and reversible movement of a plant in response to a stimulus where rate of movement is proportional to stimulus intensity

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5
Q

Dormancy

A

Suspended growth due to climatic conditions. In dormant periods energy requirements are lowered and scare resources conserved

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6
Q

Vernalisation

A

Flowering of plant to ensure reproductive developments and seed production occurs in spring and summer when bees are pollinating

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7
Q

Abscission

A

Natural detachments of parts of a plant (leaves and ripe fruit)

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8
Q

Germination

A

Growth from a seed

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9
Q

Phytohormones

A

Plant growth hormones

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10
Q

Auxin (IAA)

A

Produced in the cells of apical meristems (tips of shoots and roots) and transported to regions of growth: promotes elongation by increasing elastically of cell and promoting water intake

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11
Q

Apical Meristems

A

Tips of shoots and roots; where IAA (Auxin) is produced

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12
Q

Plumule

A

Shoot

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13
Q

Radicle

A

Root

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14
Q

Pulvini

A

Region attaching leave to steam containing large water cell creating turgor pressure

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15
Q

Turgid

A

High water pressure making cell firm and rigid

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16
Q

Flaccid

A

Low turgor pressure after ion transportation making cell soft and limp

17
Q

Ion Transportation

A

Ions pumped out of cell (potassium and chloride) promotes osmosis (water transport out of the cell through stomata)

18
Q

Nyctinasty

A

Night movement

19
Q

Photoperiodism

A

Physiological response to changes in the photoperiod: Plants sense hours of darkness not sunlight

20
Q

Noctoperiod

A

Hours of darkness

21
Q

SDP

A

Short-day plant
Long hours of darkness
Flowers in winter/autumn
Flowering inhibited by Pfr

22
Q

LDP

A

Long-day plant
Short hours of darkness
Flowers in spring/summer
Flowering induced by Pfr

23
Q

DNP

A

Day-neutral plant

24
Q

Phytochrome

A

Light sensitive protein made in leaves that controls the flowering of plants, it has two forms (Pfr and Pr)

25
Q

Pfr

A

Phytochrome far-red

Absorbs far-red light and rapidly converts it to Pr during day and slowly in darkness

26
Q

Pr

A

Phytochrome red

Absorbs red light and converts it to Pfr. Red light absorbed from the sun so Pfr is accumulated during the day

27
Q

Threshold Level

A

Level met when all Pfr is converted to Pr

301 Biology 3.3 (4 decks)

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