Animal Responses

Question 1

Ecological Niche

Answer 1

The physical and biological conditions or factors a population faces in its habitat

Question 2

Adaptive Advantages

Answer 2

Finding favourable environment
Obtain Sufficient energy
Reduce competition
Avoid predation/herbivory
Reproduction

Question 3

Innate Behaviour

Answer 3

Genetically programmed behaviour (heritable, intrinsic, stereotypic, inflexible)

Question 4

Learned Behaviour

Answer 4

Discovered behaviour as a result of experience through trial, error, observation and memory (non-inheritable, extrinsic, adaptable, progressive)

Question 5

Taxis

Answer 5

Animal Response: Directional response involving movement towards (positive) or away (negative) from an external stimulus

Question 6

Photo

Answer 6

Light

Question 7

Rheo

Answer 7

Current

Question 8

Geo

Answer 8

Gravity

Question 9

Thigmo

Answer 9

Touch

Question 10

Thermo

Answer 10

Heat

Question 11

Chemo

Answer 11

Chemical

Question 12

Hydro

Answer 12

Water

Question 13

Hygro

Answer 13

Humidity

Question 14

Tropho

Answer 14

Food

Question 15

Desiccation

Answer 15

The removal of moisture

Dry out Dehydration Death

Question 16

Kinesis

Answer 16

Animal Response: Non-directional/random movement in response to a stimulus in which the rate of movement is proportional to intensity of the stimulus

Question 17

Klino (kinesis)

Answer 17

Rate of turning

Question 18

Ortho (kinesis)

Answer 18

Speed of movement

Question 19

Thigmo (kinesis)

Answer 19

A non directional response to touching something/random movement until something is touched.

Question 20

Navigation

Answer 20

Innate behaviour using a range of sensory receptors (landmarks and natural compasses) to find way home

Question 21

Migration

Answer 21

The seasonal mass movement of a population to a predetermined location

Question 22

Homing

Answer 22

Inherit ability of an animal to return to original location (home/breeding territory) through unfamiliar areas

Question 23

Tidal

Answer 23

Moon’s pull on bodies of water occurring twice in 24 hours

Question 24

Lunar

Answer 24

Moon’s orbit of the earth, where one lunar month is 29.5 days

Question 25

Annual

Answer 25

Earth’s orbit of the sun occurring every 12 months/one year

Question 26

Circadian Rhythm

Answer 26

Endogenous daily rhythm with a free running period of 24 hours and are entrained by zeitgebers

Question 27

Photoperiod

Answer 27

Hours of daylight

Question 28

Diurnal

Answer 28

Active during hours of daylight

Question 29

Nocturnal

Answer 29

Active during hours of darkness

Question 30

Crepuscular

Answer 30

Active at dusk and dawn

Question 31

Exogenous Rhythm

Answer 31

Biological rhythm driven by an external environmental stimulus

Question 32

Endogenous Rhythm

Answer 32

Biological rhythm controlled by an internal clock

Question 33

Zeitgeber

Answer 33

An environmental stimuli that resets the biological clock

Question 34

Entrainment

Answer 34

The process of resetting the biological clock to match the environment

Question 35

Phase Shift

Answer 35

When the onset of the period of the rhythm is changed either earlier or later
Calculating phase shift: hours / days

Question 36

Free - Running

Answer 36

Biological clock is running under constant environmental conditions