Plant Reproduction

Question 1

State the function of the Anther

Answer 1

Is to contain pollen grains

Question 2

Name the function of the Filament

Answer 2

Part that is connected to the anther ( To extend anther outside of the flower/keep anther within the flower )

Question 3

State the function of the Pollen Grain

Answer 3

Is to contain male reproductive cells

Question 4

What does the Anther represent?

Answer 4

It represents the Testes.

Question 5

What does the pollen grain represent?

Answer 5

It represents the Penis.

Question 6

State the function of the stigma

Answer 6

It is a sticky surface to trap pollen grains.

Question 7

State the function of the Style

Answer 7

It is a part connected to the stigma allowing the stigma to be outside or within the flower. ( Usually longer than the filament. )

Question 8

State the definition of pollination

Answer 8

It is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma

Question 9

State two modes of pollination

Answer 9

Animal pollination ( Usually insects, some are by birds ) > AKA pollinators & Wind pollination

Question 10

State the characteristics of flower for animal pollination.

Answer 10

Sweet smelling, brightly coloured petals, large petals, contains/has nectar (food source for pollinators), stigma and anther will be enclosed within the flower.

Question 11

State the characteristics of flowers pollinated by wind.

Answer 11

Dull coloured petals, small petals, large feathery/hairy stigma (to increase the chance of trapping pollen grains), anthers will be hanging outside the flower to increase the chance if pollen grains being carried away by the wind.

Question 12

What does the ovule become after fertilisation?

Answer 12

It becomes the seed.

Question 13

What does the ovary become after fertilisation?

Answer 13

It becomes the fruit.

Question 14

List all 4 ways of seed dispersal.

Answer 14

Animal dispersal, wind dispersal, water action and splitting/explosive action.

Question 15

Explain why it benefits the young plants when the fruits are dispersed far away from the parent plant.

Answer 15

To reduce competition between (parent plant and young plant) or (young plants) for space, light, water and nutrients.

Question 16

List all 3 features of fruit for feeding (animal)

Answer 16

Juicy, edible and brightly coloured.

Question 17

Explain how animals disperse seed if the seed is edible.

Answer 17

Animal will eat the fruit including the seed, move further away from the parent plant and disperse the seed through its droppings.

Question 18

Explain how the animal disperse the seed if the seed is non-edible.

Answer 18

Animal will carry the fruit and seed further away from the parent plant, eat the fruit and throw the seed away.

Question 19

Explain how the non feeding animal disperse the seed.

Answer 19

The hook like structure/stiff hairs of the fruit will cling onto the hair of the animal, as the animal moves further away from the parent plant, the fruit will drop off the hair.

Question 20

State the features of the fruit for non feeding (animals)

Answer 20

Has hook like structure/has stiff hairs

Question 21

Where are the young plants found for water dispersal?

Answer 21

The young plants are found along the water feature, further away from the parent plant following the direction of water flow.

Question 22

State the 3 features that allow the fruit to float on water.

Answer 22

It has fibrous husk that traps hair ; Spaces within the fruit that contains air ; Has a waterproof outer covering.

Question 23

Where are the young plants dispersed by seed found at?

Answer 23

It is found near or around the parent plant.

Question 24

What are the features of splitting?

Answer 24

Splits open with a sudden force scattering the seeds in all directions ; seeds are light/dry.

Question 25

Where are the young plants found for wind dispersal?

Answer 25

The young plants are usually away from the parent plant in the same direction as the wind.

Question 26

State the characteristics of fruit dispersed by wind and how it helps it.

Answer 26

The fruit is [light/dry] / [Small] / [Has wing-like/parachute-like] structure which allows the fruit to [stay afloat in the air for a longer period of time] and [travel longer distances away from the parent plant].

Question 27

State the definition of germination.

Answer 27

Germination is a process where a seed develops into a young plant..

Question 28

List down the sequence in germination.

Answer 28

Step 1 : Roots appear
Step 2 : Shoots appear
Step 3 : Leaves appear < young plant is able to photosynthesis and produce sugars as food.

Question 29

List down the 2 parts of a seed and it’s definition.

Answer 29

Seed coat > Acts as an outer covering for the seed
Seed leaves/leaf > Provides food to the developing seedling.