Plant Oils and their Uses Flashcards
Give some examples of commonly used oils
Sunflower oil
Olive oil
Oilseed rape
Palm kernel oil
What are oils made from?
Fruit
Seeds
Nuts
How can oil be extracted from plant materials?
Pressing
Distillation
Removes water and other impurities from plant material
Are vegetable oils saturated or unsaturated?
Unsaturated because they contain double carbon-carbon bonds
Why are vegetable oils important as foods and fuels?
They provide nutrients and lots of energy
Why are vegetable oils used to cook foods?
They boil at higher temperatures than water therefore food can be cooked at higher temperatures, changing the texture and the taste of food
Increases energy food produces when eaten
Cooks food quicker
What is a mixture of oil and water called?
An emulsion
Give two examples of emulsions
Salad dressings
Ice cream
Do oils dissolve in water?
No
Why don’t emulsions stay together for very long?
Water particles clump together
Oil particles clump together
What is an emulsifying agent?
Something that stops the separate layers from forming in an emulsion
Why do emulsifiers work?
Different parts of the molecules are attracted to the different liquids
Heads are attracted to water
Tails are attracted to oil
More double carbon-carbon bonds raises/lowers melting point of a substance
Lowers
What happens when ethene and hydrogen are heated together in the presence of a nickel catalyst?
Reaction that removes double carbon-carbon bonds
Process is called HYDROGENATION
What is hydrogenation used for?
Convert unsaturated hydrocarbons into more saturated hydrocarbons
