Plant Oils Flashcards
Name three sources of plant oils.
- Fruits
- Nuts
- Seeds
What are two methods of obtaining plant oil?
Crushing and pressing and distillation.
Describe the crushing and pressing method of obtaining plant oils.
- Plant material is crushed.
- Material is then put between metal plates to squash the oil out.
- Oil is separated from plant material and water using a centrifuge.
Describe the distillation method of getting plant oils.
- Plant material is heated until oils evaporate.
- The gas is funnelled down a condenser to turn it back into oil.
- The condensed oil and water are separated using a separating funnel.
What is usually used to get heat for distillation?
Boiling water
What are three uses of plant oils?
- Food
- Cooking
- Fuels
Why is plant oil good in food?
It’s high in energy and nutrients.
Why are plant oils useful for cooking?
They have a high boiling point meaning they can reach high temperatures. They also change the taste and give extra energy.
What are oils and fats made of?
Saturated or unsaturated carbon chains.
How many double bonds does a monounsaturated fat have?
One
How many double bonds do polyunsaturated fats have?
Two or more
What is hydrogenation?
The hardening of unsaturated vegetable oils using hydrogen.
What state are unsaturated vegetable oils at room temperature?
Liquid
What type of catalyst should be used for hydrogenation?
Nickel
What temperature should hydrogenation take place at?
60 degrees
